<title>Development and use of a novel automated Mueller matrix polarization imaging system for In-vivo imaging of lesions</title>

Effect of the Samples’ Surface With Complex Microscopic Geometry on 3 × 3 Mueller Matrix Measurement of Tissue Bulks

“…The polarization imaging technique can provide rich optical and microstructural information carried in the form of a Mueller matrix ( Pezzaniti and Chipman, 1995 ; Chung et al, 2002 ; He et al, 2017 ) of detected samples. Since the relationship between microstructures of the sample and the specific Mueller matrix elements is unclear, Mueller matrix decomposition and transformation methods have been proposed to characterize specific properties of the samples ( Azzam, 1978 ; Lu and Chipman, 1996 ; Ossikovski et al, 2008 ; Ossikovski, 2009 ; Ortega-Quijano and Arce-Diego, 2011 ; Ossikovski, 2011 ; Du et al, 2014 ; Chue-Sang et al, 2017 ; Liu et al, 2019 ; Ahmad et al, 2020 ).…”

“…It has been combined with microscopy ( He et al, 2019 ) and endoscopy to help achieve precision and noninvasive medical detection and treatment, and polarization parameters have been proposed to explain distinctive pathological structures ( Lu and Chipman, 1996 ; He et al, 2019 ) and help to detect human skin, esophageal, colorectal, and oral cancers and cervical carcinoma ( Sheng et al, 2019 ) among others. Among the available polarization techniques, Mueller matrix imaging can provide comprehensive descriptions on the optical properties of biological samples ( Pezzaniti and Chipman, 1995 ; Chung et al, 2002 ). The quantitative characterization of the Mueller matrix and polarization parameters ( Ossikovski, 2009 ) provides a promising way to extract possible indicators for characteristic pathological microstructural features.…”

A polarization image enhancement method for glioma

“…As a non-contact and in situ technique, PIT has many unique advantages that can provide different and complementary microstructural and optical information of a sample compared to an intensity-based imaging method ( Alali and Vitkin, 2015 ; Chandel et al, 2016 ; Dong et al, 2016 ; He et al, 2017 ), the PIT backscatter method and the following analysis can distinguish cancer tissue from healthy tissue ( Menzel et al, 2019 ; Schucht et al, 2020 ; Rodríguez-Núñez and Novikova, 2022 ), and there is an emerging interest in the applications of PIT for biomedical tissues, where the polarized light typically suffers multiple scatterings before being eventually detected ( Alali and Vitkin, 2015 ; He et al, 2017 ). Since the Mueller matrix provides a characterization of the polarization properties and contains abundant microstructural and optical information of the sample ( Pezzaniti and Chipman, 1995 ; Chung et al, 2002 ), PIT is becoming increasingly attractive for differentiating pathological structural features of different tumor types ( Du et al, 2014 ; Wang et al, 2014 ; Menzel et al, 2019 ; Schucht et al, 2020 ; Rodríguez-Núñez and Novikova, 2022 ). It is based on the analysis of the modification of the polarization state of incident polarized light due to the interaction with the sample to be examined, which can be described by the Mueller matrix.…”