The carbon nanocoil is an interesting kind of nanomaterial, which is expected to
have various novel applications in microelectronics, microelectromechanical
systems (MEMS) and bioMEMS due to its nanosize coil morphology. Carbon
nanocoils were synthesized by catalytic pyrolysis of acetylene over 2.2–3.0 µm Ni
particles at 600°C in a microwave chemical vapour deposition (CVD) system.
Microwave CVD derived nanocoils are rather uniform with an average coil
diameter of 110–170 nm, fibre diameter of 80–120 nm and pitch of around 130–200
nm. The effects of reaction temperature, the size of Ni catalyst and the flow rate
of acetylene were examined. Additionally, the growth mechanism of carbon
nanocoils was studied. It was found that two individual carbon nanocoils extrude
from the same Ni particle in the same direction as straight fibres at the
beginning and then bend to grow into nanocoils in opposite directions.