&lt;title&gt;ATRAN Terrain Sensing Guidance-The Grand-Daddy System&lt;/title&gt;

Koch, Richard F.; Evans, D. C.

doi:10.1117/12.959126

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…R. Koch labelled it "the gran-daddy system" and was quite accurately in doing so, considering that ATRAN's basic concept and principles were embodied in several modern systems that followed on. According to [14] "through a map-matching correlation process, ATRAN continuously tracks the ever changing pattern of terrain features by comparing the observed radar returns to a sequence of reference images in its memory". ATRAN used an X-band short-pulsed non-coherent scanning radar sensor to produce the radar imagery.…”

Section: H2smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comparison between the two was performed automatically, using an optical correlator. ATRAN used only "a simple pendulous erected vertical gyro and a directional gyro" [14] for basic attitude and directional references. Note that ATRAN did not use an INS.…”

Section: H2smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To somehow overcome this limitation, the Army Map Service created 3D relief models of the terrain of interest (painting known objects in white to produce strong radar reflections) and then made trajectory films by "flying" a motion picture camera over these models. The accuracy of ATRAN system was listed to about 1000 feet [14].…”

Section: H2smentioning

confidence: 99%

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TRN history, trends and the unused potential

Vaman

2012

2012 IEEE/AIAA 31st Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)

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The term Terrain Referenced Navigation is used to describe a larger family of systems that estimate position by measuring terrain heights and comparing them with a digital elevation map. This is not a new navigation technique. In fact, TRN has been around for some time, with its history dating back to the 1950s. At that time the technological possibilities were rather limited, so forerunner terrain sensing systems were completely analog and/or would require the need of the human factor. With the "digital age" TRN methods started to become practical. The 70s and 80s were the decades which account for most of the development in this field. Different processing techniques settled into shape and TRN found practical application especially within military technology. Later on, the interest in terrain sensing methods started to diminish.Nowadays impressive technology exists. For example: laser sensors can measure terrain elevation with a signal having a milli-radian beamwidth; digital maps of 1m resolution are available. These are not the only enablers that warrant a re-investigation of the current potential of TRN. Among other factors we remind the current capabilities in: digital signal processing, real-time computing power and datastorage. Many of the previous limitations of TRN are no longer applicable and therefore this technique may once again be considered a strong candidate for accurate navigation solutions. This paper provides a look into TRN history and illustrates how a set of important developments in the past provide the basis for the (yet unused) potential of TRN for performance-based navigation.

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Section: H2smentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: H2smentioning

confidence: 99%

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TRN history, trends and the unused potential

Vaman

2012

2012 IEEE/AIAA 31st Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)

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“…The reference images were photographed by Army Map Service from oblique views over 1: 250,000 scale, highly-exaggerated, vertical relief three-dimensional map models. The system was in full operational production by 1955, being in demand as the guidance system for the MACE missile, which was in use through the mid 1960s (Koch and Evans 1980).…”

Section: Cartography and Geographic Information Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

American Cartographic Transformations during the Cold War

Cloud¹

2002

Cartography and Geographic Information Science

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“…Such a model can be used for not only urban planning, terrain analysis, landslide detection, but also terrain referred navigation (TRN). In TRN, the position estimation of an airborne platform can be performed by comparing the measured terrain and reference terrain already recorded . If the DEM under an airborne platform is measured, the localization of the platform is possible by comparing the measured DEM and the reference DEM of a large area along the expected flight path.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of high-resolution digital elevation model using SAR technique for terrain referred navigation

Kim

Hwang

Park

2017

Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett.

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In this letter, we propose to apply the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique to improve the cross‐range resolution of a digital elevation model (DEM). During a flight, an airborne platform can construct DEM by measuring its distance to the ground through steering a radar beam. To improve the resolution of DEM to the flight direction, SAR technique can be suggested. Through the phase‐matching filter in SAR technique, the resolution of point localization can be improved. The simulation results show that the error between original DEM and simulated DEM decreases by 23% with the SAR technique. The localization of the platform using DEM shows that the position estimation improves by 16%.

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<title>ATRAN Terrain Sensing Guidance-The Grand-Daddy System</title>

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

TRN history, trends and the unused potential

TRN history, trends and the unused potential

American Cartographic Transformations during the Cold War

Construction of high-resolution digital elevation model using SAR technique for terrain referred navigation

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