<strong><em>Fagopyrum longistylum</em> (Polygonaceae), a new species from Sichuan, China</strong>

Abstract

A new species of Fagopyrum (Polygonaceae), Fagopyrum longistylum, is described and illustrated from Huili County, Sichuan Province, China on the basis of morphological, caryological, and molecular data. F. longistylum is morphologically similar to F. gracilipes from which it differs in having green stem and short-styled flowers with long anther but it is self-compatible. In addition, F. longistylum is a diploid species with 2n=2x=16 while F. gracilipes is tetraploid with 4n=4x=32. Molecular data based on nucleotide sequence polymorphisms of internal transcribed spacers (ITSs) and the maturase K (matK) gene confirm the separation of the new species.

The Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences of Eight Fagopyrum Species: Insights Into Genome Evolution and Phylogenetic Relationships

“…In 1992, the taxonomic status of buckwheat was confirmed, and the embryo position, morphology of cotyledon and perianth segments, characteristics of the pollen grain, and the basic number of chromosomes were taken as the basis for distinguishing Fagopyrum from Polygonum ( Ye and Guo, 1992 ). With the continuous introduction of various buckwheat species, the classification based on morphological features gradually complicated, and plants from Fagopyrum were classified into 22–28 different species comprising two variants and two subspecies until 2021 ( Zhang et al, 2021a ). Due to the long-term change of buckwheat classification status, a consistent view of buckwheat was scarce, which limited the utilization of wild buckwheat varieties in plant improvement ( Sharma and Jana, 2002 ; Neethirajan et al, 2011 ; Nagatomo et al, 2014 ).…”

Tartary Buckwheat in Human Nutrition

“…Tartary buckwheat accessions reveal multiple domestication sites, as has been shown by sequencing of large numbers of Tartary buckwheat samples [12]. Intraspecific crosses that included Tartary buckwheat have led to several new hybrid species, among which the best known is probably Fagopyrum giganteum Krotov, which was originally defined by Krotov and Dranenko at the Ustymivska Experimental Station in Ukraine [15,16].…”

“…Two of these, Fagopyrum esculentum and F. tataricum, are used in human nutrition, and the wild species Fagopyrum cymosum is used in traditional Chinese human and veterinary medicines. Wild relatives of cultivated buckwheat have spread through the mountain areas of south-western China [11], where recently a new self-compatible species was found and described as Fagopyrum longistylum by M. Zhou and Y. Tang [12]. F. longistylum and other wild buckwheat species can serve as donors of genes in the breeding of cultivated buckwheat species [13].…”

Biotechnological Methods for Buckwheat Breeding

“…Molecular systematic research and genome studies in the last two decades have discovered new species and their proper classification into the genus Fagopyrum ( Table 1 ) [ 2 , 4 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

“…Fagopyrum is a small genus that includes two cultivated species and more than 25 wild buckwheat species, mostly endemic to southwest China, which is considered to be the origin, distribution, and diversity center [1][2][3][4]. Two species, common buckwheat (F. esculentum Moench) and Tartary buckwheat (F. tataricum Gaertn.…”