<p>The Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer: A Critical Review</p>

Abstract

The importance of timely diagnosis and the complete treatment of lung cancer for many people with this deadly disease daily increases due to its high mortality. Diagnosis and treatment with helping the nanoparticles are useful, although they have reasonable harms. This article points out that the side effects of using carbon nanotube (CNT) in this disease treatment process such as inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis are very problematic. Toxicity can reduce to some extent using the techniques such as functionalizing to proper dimensions as a longer length, more width, and greater curvature. The targeted CNT sensors can be connected to various modified vapors. In this regard, with helping this method, screening makes non-invasive diagnosis possible. Researchers have also found that nanoparticles such as CNTs could be used as carriers to direct drug delivery, especially with chemotherapy drugs. Most of these carriers were multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) used for cancerous cell targeting. The results of laboratory and animal researches in the field of diagnosis and treatment became very desirable and hopeful. The collection of researches summarized has highlighted the requirement for a detailed assessment which includes CNT dose, duration, method of induction, etc., to achieve the most controlled conditions for animal and human studies. In the discussion section, 4 contradictory issues are discussed which are invited researchers to do more research to get clearer results.

Advances in Drug Delivery Nanosystems Using Graphene-Based Materials and Carbon Nanotubes

“…Sheikhpour et al [ 273 ] critically overviewed applications of CNTs in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, emphasizing that their side effects manifested during therapy such as inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis can be partially reduced by functionalization of CNTs to proper dimensions, such as a longer length, a greater width, and a greater curvature. At studying the effect of MWCNTs on the toxicity of cytotoxic compounds in macrophage (RAW 264.7), lung epithelial (A549), and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines, it was found that hydrophilicity/lipophilicity of the compounds was determinant.…”

Gas and Biosensors Made from Metal Oxides Doped with Carbon Nanotubes

“…Besides, quantum dots, gold, and magnetic nanoparticles were a series of nanomaterials that could be utilized to detect cancers [108]. The methods of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and various medications are used for the detection of different cancers (for example, lung cancer [109]). These methods were not highly effective due to the non-targeted and damaging of healthy tissues such as hair follicles.…”

Progress of Cancer Nanotechnology as Diagnostics, Therapeutics, and Theranostics Nanomedicine: Preclinical Promise and Translational Challenges

“…The theranostics activity of these carbon-based NPs is discussed later in a separate section. CNTs are the nanodevice used for the detection of cancer biomarkers [ 87 ]. These are carbon cylinders having benzene rings arranged in a regular fashion [ 88 ].…”