<p>Risk and severity of psoriasis vulgaris in relation to angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism and metabolic syndrome</p>

Abstract

BackgroundPsoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory and proliferative skin disease, characterized by the formation of itchy, erythematous skin patches or plaques. Patients with psoriasis are at an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Recently, angiotensin II (Ang II) has been reported to be associated with the development of psoriasis. Ang II not only increases the blood pressure but is also a potent proinflammatory modulator and functions through interaction with angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Moreover, it is hypothesized that the AT1R gene expression could be correlated with the severity of psoriasis and/or metabolic syndrome.AimWe examined the association of Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) A1166C gene polymorphisms and metabolic syndrome with the severity of psoriasis.Patients and methodsThe present case-control study included 25 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 25 healthy subjects in Egypt. The psoriasis lesions in the patient group were assessed using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score. The AT1R polymorphism A1166C (rs5186) was studied using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the gene from the whole blood sample in both groups. Serum lipid profile and blood sugar levels were assessed post 12 h and 8 h fasting, respectively, in both groups. The severity of metabolic syndrome was evaluated using the severity score.ResultsThe results of the present study demonstrated that the AT1R A1166C gene polymorphisms increased the risk of developing psoriasis in the Egyptian population. We found that 70% of patients with AC genotype and 100% of patients CC genotype reported a PASI score >20 and were considered to be severe cases with a statistically significant difference as compared with patients with AA genotype (p=0.003). In addition, a high statistically significant difference (p=0.001) existed among AT1R genotypes with respect to the percentage of metabolic syndrome in psoriasis patients. Similarly, a statistically significant difference (p=0.004) among AT1R genotypes with respect to metabolic score was found, with the highest level of score and percentage observed in patients with CC genotype than in patients with AC genotype. The lowest level was present among those with AA genotype.ConclusionPatients with psoriasis expressing the C allele of AT1R1166 are susceptible to developing metabolic syndrome and have higher PASI scores as compared with patients carrying the A allele.

Evaluation of Serum Testosterone Level in Patients with Psoriasis and Its Correlation to Severity of the Disease

“…This finding is in agreement with the result of Banerjee et al (15) , El-Ghareeb et al (16) , but it is in disagreement with the results obtained by Toker et al (17) and Ahmed (18) as they found that, total cholesterol level didn't show significant difference between the patients. It has been suggested that psoriasis, like atherosclerosis, is an autoimmune disease.…”

Genetic Studies of Metabolic Syndrome in Arab Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Our search strategy ( Figure 1 and Methods section) identified 36 studies that met our inclusion criteria ( Bayoumi et al, 2007 ; Bayoumy et al, 2012 ; Boumaiza et al, 2012a ; Boumaiza et al, 2012b ; Ghattas et al, 2013 ; Mohamed Youssef et al, 2013 ; Zadjali et al, 2013 ; Ajjemami et al, 2014 ; Al-Daghri et al, 2014 ; Mackawy and Badawi, 2014 ; Youssef et al, 2014 ; Ajjemami et al, 2015 ; Mehanna et al, 2015 ; Alnory et al, 2016 ; Mehanna et al, 2016 ; Elouej et al, 2016a ; RaafatAbdRaboh et al, 2016 ; Elouej et al, 2016b ; Elouej et al, 2016c ; Khella et al, 2017 ; Hasan et al, 2017 ; Lakbakbi El Yaagoubi et al, 2017 ; Mackawy, 2017 ; Morjane et al, 2017 ; Ismail et al, 2019 ; Ibrahim and Bastawy, 2020 ; Salami and El Shamieh, 2019 ; ElGhareeb et al, 2019 ; Nizam et al, 2019 ; Boulenouar et al, 2019 ; Aljaibeji et al, 2020 ; Osman et al, 2020 ; Alenad et al, 2020 ; Hechmi et al, 2020 ; Kefi, 2021 ). In most cases, studies were excluded because they lacked detailed results, such as odds ratios, confidence intervals, and p -values.…”

Increased abnormal erythrocytes caused by spleen filtration deficiency provide a hypoxic environment for the occurrence of psoriasis

“…Malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) are indicators of oxidative metabolism. MDA is the end product of lipid oxidation, and its content increases in the serum of psoriasis patients [37][38][39]. NO can be highly expressed in keratinocytes and endothelial cells under the stimulation of immune factors.…”