<p>Nanoformulated Bioactive Compounds Derived from Different Natural Products Combat Pancreatic Cancer Cell Proliferation</p>

Abstract

This study was designed to determine the potential effect of nanoencapsulated bioactive compounds from different natural sources on human pancreatic cancer. Background: Pancreatic cancer carries the highest fatality rate among all human cancers because of its high metastatic potential and late presentation at the time of diagnosis. Hence there is a need for improved methods to prevent and treat it. Natural products, such as 3, 3′diindolylmethane (DIM) and ellagic acid (EA) demonstrated anticancer efficacy against various cancer types. However, DIM is insoluble. Hence, using nanotechnology to encapsulate these compounds in combination with EA might improve their physical and chemical properties and their delivery to the cancer cells. Methods: Human pancreatic cancer cells, namely SUIT2-luciferase transfected, were used to examine the effects of DIM or EA and their nanoformulation in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) [PLGA-PEG] nanoparticles (NPs) on SUIT2luciferase cell viability/proliferation over 24 hrs. Additionally, effects on tumor weight and angiogenesis were determined using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) tumor implant model. Results: Both DIM and EA PLGA-PEG NPs resulted in rapid suppression of pancreatic cancer cell viability/proliferation within 24 hrs (P < 0.01), while the non-encapsulated DIM and EA did not show any significant effect on SUIT2 cancer cell viability or cell proliferation (MTT assay). In the CAM pancreatic cancer cell (SUIT2) implant model, results showed a greater suppression of tumor weight (P < 0.01), tumor cell viability, and tumor angiogenesis (P < 0.01) for DIM NPs and EA NPs and their combinations versus DIM or EA alone. Conclusion: Nanoformulation of DIM and EA resulted in a more effective suppression of pancreatic cancer cell viability, pancreatic tumor weight, implanted cancer cell viability, and tumor angiogenesis as compared with these bioactive compounds alone.

RETRACTED: Anti-Cancer Activities of Thyrointegrin αvβ3 Antagonist Mono- and Bis-Triazole Tetraiodothyroacetic Acid Conjugated via Polyethylene Glycols in Glioblastoma

“…Neovascularization was examined in the CAM model, as previously described [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. We purchased 10-day-old chick embryos purchased from Charles River Avian Vaccine Services (Norwich, CT, USA) and incubated them at 37 °C with 55% relative humidity.…”

Enhanced Anti-Angiogenic and Anticancer Efficacy of Nanoformulated Catechin in the Chemoprevention of Skin Cancer

“…To establish proof of the concept, we tested the nanoformulations of EGCG of on the anticancer potential of melanoma in the CAM tumor model. Previously we reported the successful CAM engraftment from different cancer cell lines and that the xenografts maintained the same tumor growth pattern as observed in mice; the CAM model greatly shortens the time of tumor growth [35,37]. All three nanoformulations of EGCG showed signi cant anti-angiogenic effect and inhibition of tumor growth against A375 tumors in the CAM tumor model compared to free EGCG.…”

“…For tumor growth analysis, one-day-old chick embryos were purchased from Charles River (Norwich, CT) and maintained at 37°C and 55% relative humidity. A375 cells were used for ex vivo studies as described previously [35][36][37]. After 7 days of incubation, a hypodermic needle was used to make two holes on the eggshell and mild suction was applied at one hole so that the CAM dropped away from the shell.…”

Emerging Nanopharmaceuticals and Nanonutraceuticals in Cancer Management

“…Nanoformulation of natural bioactive compounds or natural extracts has demonstrated improved bio-accessibility/bioavailability. Different nanonutraceuticals demonstrated improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties that could facilitate their transition into pharmaceuticals and nanopharmaceuticals [125,[174][175][176][177][178].…”