<p>Local Cellular Responses to Metallic and Ceramic Nanoparticles from Orthopedic Joint Arthroplasty Implants</p>

Abstract

Over the last decades, joint arthroplasty has become a successful treatment for joint disease. Nowadays, with a growing demand and increasingly younger and active patients accepting these approaches, orthopedic surgeons are seeking implants with improved mechanical behavior and longer life span. However, aseptic loosening as a result of wear debris from implants is considered to be the main cause of long-term implant failure. Previous studies have neatly illustrated the role of micrometric wear particles in the pathological mechanisms underlying aseptic loosening. Recent osteoimmunologic insights into aseptic loosening highlight the important and heretofore underrepresented contribution of nanometric orthopedic wear particles. The present review updates the characteristics of metallic and ceramic nanoparticles generated after prosthesis implantation and summarizes the current understanding of their hazardous effects on peri-prosthetic cells.

3D and 4D printing in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery: Printing techniques, materials, and applications

“…Ceramic materials used in dentistry are reported to be relatively safe and free of toxicity for dental pulp or periodontal tissue surrounding the material [170][171][172]. Corrosion is the main complication followed by metal devices in the oral cavity.…”

Fabrication of nanoparticles for bone regeneration: new insight into applications of nanoemulsion technology

“…Key safety concerns are associated with the release of nanoparticles from implant material over time due to its mechanical wear or matrix material degradation, which may lead to unwanted effects in the surrounding tissues such as nanoparticle-induced inflammatory response, periprosthetic osteolysis and implant loosening. [225][226][227] Due to high surfacearea-to-volume ratio nanoparticles are more biologically active compared to their micron-sized counterparts. As a result, once released from the implant, they may be able to induce much more potent adverse effects in the host.…”

Histomorphometry of Ossification in Functionalised Ceramics with Tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD): An In Vivo Study

“…Current research to develop alternatives to metal alloys is ongoing. In this context, ceramic implants offer several advantages: hardness and wear resistance; light weight; low modulus of elasticity; outstanding resistance to creep and compressive stress; and lack of artefacts at imaging [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Although it reduces particle release, the risk of rejection, and implant loosening, the biological inactivity of ceramic impairs the integration of the implant into the surrounding bone tissue [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”