<p>Laju aliran saliva dan insidensi kandidiasis oral pada pasien lansia perokok dan bukan perokok</p><p>Salivary flow rate and incidence of oral candidiasis in elderly smokers and nonsmokers</p>

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Merokok merupakan salah satu kebiasaan yang sering dilakukan oleh masyarakat, termasuk kelompok lanjut usia (lansia). Kebiasaan merokok dapat mempengaruhi sekresi saliva pada lansia yang secara fisiologis mengalami penurunan sekresi saliva dan penipisan epitel mukosa mulut karena proses penuaan. Perubahan sekresi saliva dan penipisan epitel mukosa mulut dapat meningkatkan resiko infeksi rongga mulut seperti kandidiasis oral. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan sekresi saliva melalui pengukuran laju aliran saliva serta terjadinya kandidiasis oral pada pasien lansia perokok dan bukan perokok, di Rumah Sakit Gigi Mulut Universitas Jember (RSGM UNEJ). Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan analitik observasional pada pasien lansia RSGM UNEJ di Bagian Penyakit Mulut meliputi status merokok, pengukuran laju aliran saliva unstimulated, dan insidensi kandidiasis oral berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan mikrobiologi oral swab. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien lansia RSGM UNEJ Bagian Penyakit Mulut periode September 2019-Januari 2020. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Hasil: Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara sekresi saliva unstimulated pasien lansia perokok dan bukan perokok. Terdapat perbedaan kejadian kandidiasis oral antara pasien lansia yang merokok dengan yang tidak merokok (nilai p=0,065; derajat kepercayaan=90%). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan laju aliran saliva pada lansia perokok dan bukan perokok, namun terdapat perbedaan terjadinya kandidiasis oral antara lansia perokok dan bukan perokok.Kata kunci: Laju aliran saliva, merokok, kandidiasis oral, lansia. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Smoking is one of the habits often carried out by the community, including the elderly. Smoking habits can affect salivary secretion in the elderly, who physiologically experience decreased salivary secretion and thinning of the oral mucosal epithelium due to the ageing process. The salivary secretion change and thinning of the oral mucosal epithelium can increase the risk of oral infections such as oral candidiasis. The purpose of this study was to analyse the differences in salivary secretion by measuring the salivary flow rate and the occurrence of oral candidiasis in elderly smokers and nonsmokers at the University of Jember Dental Hospital. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study in elderly patients of the Department of Oral Diseases University of Jember Dental Hospital, including the smoking status, measurement of unstimulated salivary flow, and the incidence of oral candidiasis based on the results of the oral microbiological swab. This study’s population were all elderly patients at the Department of Oral Diseases University of Jember Dental Hospital for September 2019-January 2020. The sampling method used was total sampling. Results: The Mann-Whitney test results showed no significant difference between the unstimulated saliva secretion of elderly smokers and nonsmokers. There was a difference in the incidence of oral candidiasis between elderly smokers’ patients and nonsmokers (p-value = 0.065; confidence level = 90%). Conclusion: There is no difference in the salivary flow rate in elderly smokers and nonsmokers, however, there are differences in the occurrence of oral candidiasis between elderly smokers and nonsmokers.Keywords: Salivary flow rate, smoking, oral candidiasis, elderly.

Effect of consuming young coconut water (Cocos nucifera) on saliva pH levels in the oral cavity

“… Respondents were given 180 ml of coconut water and instructed to let it sit for 30 seconds in the mouth and then drink it up.  After waiting for ± 5 minutes, the respondent's saliva was collected using the passive drooling method by means of saliva that had been collected at the bottom of the mouth and then instructing the patient to spit into the measuring cup [9].  The respondent's saliva is then measured using a pH meter to determine the pH level of the respondent's saliva after consuming young coconut water.…”