<p>Interaction between dietary patterns and <em>TCF7L2</em> polymorphisms on type 2 diabetes mellitus among Uyghur adults in Xinjiang Province, China</p>

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to characterize dietary patterns in the Uyghur population and examined the relationship between dietary pattern, TCF7L2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients and methods Dietary patterns were defined using factor analysis, and associations between dietary patterns were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Genotyping of seven SNPs of TCF7L2 (rs11196205, rs12255372, rs12573128, rs4506565, rs7895340, rs7901695, and rs7903146) was conducted, and the association between these seven SNPs and the risk of T2DM was evaluated. Interactions between SNPs, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, and dietary patterns were also analyzed. Results A total of 828 participants were enrolled in this study, including 491 people with T2DM and 337 healthy controls. Five dietary patterns were defined, and the results indicated that the “fruit” and “vegetables” dietary patterns were associated with a significant decrease in the risk of T2DM, whereas the “meats” and “grains” dietary patterns were associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Moreover, the “dairy product” dietary pattern showed no association with the risk of T2DM. Furthermore, our results revealed that the TCF7L2 SNP, rs12573128, is associated with an increased risk of T2DM. SNPs rs4506565 and rs7903146 significantly interacted with dietary pattern. Conclusion Our studies suggest that dietary pattern and genetic polymorphisms of TCF7L2 are associated with the development of T2DM in the Uyghur population of China.

Sociodemographic and Regional Determinants of Dietary Patterns in Russia

“…Factor loading |≥0.4| of food products was considered as making a significant contribution to the factor structure. As a rule, factor loading with a value of |≥0.2| was used; however, depending on the data obtained, higher values were also used [29][30][31][32]. DPs were named according to the variables loaded on a retained component.…”

“…Participants were divided into four groups (quartiles, Q) for each DP. Then, in the course of evaluating the influence of socio-demographic and regional characteristics, a comparison was made of individuals relating to the highest Q4 quartile to all others (i.e., Q1, Q2, and Q3), as done previously in [27,28,30,32].…”

Dietary Macronutrient Intake May Influence the Effects of TCF7L2 rs7901695 Genetic Variants on Glucose Homeostasis and Obesity-Related Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study

“…Although it is suggested that the TCF7L2 gene is involved in nearly a fifth of all T2DM cases [7], T2DM should not be considered only a genetic disorder, since most cases result from polygenic and multifactorial, especially gene-environmental interactions [4,13]. In our previous study, we noted lower glucose utilization [12] and an altered lipid metabolism [14] in healthy subjects carrying the high-risk CC genotype, rs7901695, of the TCF7L2 gene after consuming high-carbohydrate meals.…”

“…T2DM patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [2]; therefore, more effective prophylaxis and treatments are urgently required. Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed that one of the greatest genetic risk factors for T2DM is conferred by the TCF7L2 (transcription factor-7-like 2) gene [3,4]. The increased risk of T2DM conferred by genetic variations in TCF7L2 involves various mechanisms, including the modulation of the enteroinsular axis and enhanced expression of the gene in islets, affecting the function of β-cells and impairing insulin secretion [5][6][7].…”

TCF7L2 polymorphisms, nut consumption, and the risk of metabolic syndrome: a prospective population based study

“…For the first time, the Diabetes Prevention Program and the Diabetes Prevention Study reported that lifestyle intervention reduces diabetic risk among individuals with genetic susceptibility of TCF7L2 risk genotypes [ 7 , 8 ]. Followed by this investigation, current literature suggests associations of this gene with the risk of type 2 diabetes, obesity, and MetS while considering the modulating effects of some dietary determinants, such as whole-grains [ 9 ], glycemic index and glycemic load [ 10 ], dietary fiber [ 11 ], low fat and high carbohydrate diet [ 12 ], dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) [ 13 ], western dietary pattern [ 14 ], and prudent dietary pattern [ 15 ]. However, to the best of our knowledge, the interaction between nut consumption and polymorphisms of this gene has not yet been investigated.…”