<p>Hesperidin: A Therapeutic Agent For Obesity</p>

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease caused by multiple factors and is considered to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke and various cancers. Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside, is a natural phenolic compound with a wide range of biological effects. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that hesperidin possesses inhibitory effect against obesity diseases. Our review discusses mechanisms of hesperidin in the treatment of obesity. Hesperidin regulates lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism by mediating AMPK and PPAR signaling pathways, directly regulates antioxidant index and anti-apoptosis, and indirectly mediates NF-κB signaling pathway to regulate inflammation to play a role in the treatment of obesity. In addition, hesperidin-enriched dietary supplements can significantly improve symptoms such as postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Further clinical trials are also required for confirming lipid-lowering efficacy of this natural flavonoid and evaluating its safety profile.

Hesperidin attenuates altered redox homeostasis in an experimental hyperlipidaemic model of rat

“…HES is known to decrease the plasma free fatty acid and the plasma and hepatic triglyceride levels possibly via the suppression of hepatic fatty acid synthase, glucose‐6 phosphate dehydrogenase, and phosphohydrolase activities, Importantly HES and hesperidin can stimulate the release of cholecystokinin. This effect may explain the decrease in body weight after HES treatment …”

Metabolic Impact of Flavonoids Consumption in Obesity: From Central to Peripheral

“…Flavanones are a subfamily of flavonoids widely distributed in citrus fruits such as grape, tomatoes, and oranges and are the responsible of the bitter taste of their peel and of their juice. As other flavonoids, flavanones show strong health benefits due to its antioxidant activity but also exhibit antiviral, antimicrobial, antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory antidiabetic and anti-obesity properties [ 45 , 48 , 75 , 194 , 195 ]. Flavanones are mainly found as aglycones or as glycosylated derivatives [ 196 ].…”

Malus hupehensis leaves extract attenuates obesity, inflammation, and dyslipidemia by modulating lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice

“…At the same time, quercetin inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS to exert anti-inflammatory effects in the lipopolysaccharide/INFγ-induced inflammation model (Comalada et al, 2005). In obese mice induced by a high-fat diet, hesperidin improved the glucose and lipid metabolism disorder by activating adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase, and then, regulating insulin signaling pathway and lipid metabolism signaling pathway (Xiong et al, 2019). The significant anti-inflammatory effect of baicalin has been recognized, which works on various inflammatory diseases by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators Shen et al, 2003).…”