&lt;p&gt;First identification of &lt;em&gt;mcr-1/mcr-2&lt;/em&gt; genes in the fecal microbiota of Canadian commercial pigs during the growing and finishing period&lt;/p&gt;

Rhouma, Mohamed; Thériault, William; Rabhi, Nassima; Duchaine, Caroline; Quessy, Sylvain; Fravalo, Philippe

doi:10.2147/vmrr.s202331

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…E. coli resistance to beta-lactam and the tetracycline antibiotic groups was very common in Thailand, and aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone resistance was found to be varied in farm management such as using antibiotic for prophylactic or treatment purposes (21). The MDR traits among mcr-1-positive E. coli have been reported frequently in pigs due to the usage of antibiotics in the production cycle (34). Interestingly, ESBLs were found at a high prevalence among the MCRPE isolates of this study, which might due to co-selection under selective pressure (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli Harboring Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance: mcr-1 and mcr-3 Genes in Contracted Pig Farms in Thailand

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli Harboring Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance: mcr-1 and mcr-3 Genes in Contracted Pig Farms in Thailand

et al. 2020

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“…The E. coli carrying mcr-1/mcr-3 were previously isolated from cattle in Spain, pig and poultry in China and humans in New Zealand 13 , 15 . The isolates carrying both mcr-1 and mcr-2 were previously identified in pigs in Canada 38 . By considering the colistin MIC, all mcr-1 harboring isolates exhibited resistance to colistin (colistin MIC 4–64 µg/mL).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance and ESBL production in Escherichia coli from clinically healthy and sick pigs

Trongjit

Assavacheep

Samngamnim

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to determine the percentage of colistin resistant and ESBL-producing Escherichia coli from clinically sick and healthy pigs and understand the molecular mechanisms underlying colistin resistance and ESBL production. A total of 454 E. coli isolates from healthy pigs (n = 354; piglets, n = 83; fattening pigs, n = 142 and sows, n = 100) and sick pigs (n = 100) were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility, chromosomal and plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanisms and ESBL genes. The healthy (41%) and sick pig (73%) isolates were commonly resistant to colistin. Three mcr genes including mcr-1 (10.4%), mcr-2 (1.1%) and mcr-3 (45%) were detected, of which mcr-3 was most frequently detected in the healthy (33%) and sick pig (57%) isolates. Coexistence of mcr-1/mcr-3 and mcr-2/mcr-3 was observed in piglets (23%), fattening pig (3.5%) and sick pig (13%) isolates. Three amino acid substitutions including E106A and G144S in PmrA and V161G in PmrB were observed only in colistin-resistant isolates carrying mcr-3. The percentage of ESBL-producing E. coli was significantly higher in the sick pigs (44%) than the healthy pigs (19.2%) (P = 0.00). The blaCTX-M group was most prevalent (98.5%), of which blaCTX-M-14 (54.5%) and blaCTX-M-55 (42.9%) were predominant. The blaTEM-1 (68.8%) and blaCMY-2 (6.3%) genes were identified in ESBL-producers. All ESBL producers were multidrug resistant and the majority from piglets (97%), fattening pigs (77.3%) and sick pigs (82%) carried mcr gene (s). ESBL producers from piglets (n = 5) and sick pig (n = 1) simultaneously transferred blaTEM-1 (or blaCTX-M-55) and mcr-3 to Salmonella. In conclusion, pigs are important reservoirs of colistin-resistant E. coli that also produced ESBLs, highlighting the need for prudent and effective use of antimicrobials in pigs and other food-producing animals.

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“…These countries should monitor and regulate fluoroquinolone usage and prevalence of AMR in swine industry to further decrease resistance to this critical antimicrobial family. Similarly, some of these countries, such as Australia ( Kidsley et al, 2018 ), Netherlands ( More, 2020 ), Canada ( Rhouma et al, 2019 ) and United States ( Kumar et al, 2020 ), have also restricted the use of colistin to varying degrees in swine agriculture which might partly explain the low prevalence of colistin resistance in these countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Distribution of Fluoroquinolone and Colistin Resistance and Associated Resistance Markers in Escherichia coli of Swine Origin – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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BackgroundFluoroquinolones and polymyxins (colistin) are considered as critical drugs for human medicine. Antimicrobials of these classes are also used in swine production worldwide and this usage can contribute to selection of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is a threat to both human and animal health. Given the dynamic epidemiology of AMR, updating our knowledge regarding distribution and trends in the proportion of resistant bacteria is of critical importance.ObjectivesThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to describe the global prevalence of phenotypic and genotypic resistance to fluoroquinolones and colistin in Escherichia coli collected from swine.ResultsFour databases (PubMed, PubAg, Web of Science, and CAB abstracts) and reports of national surveillance programs were scanned and 360 articles were included in the analysis. We identified higher prevalence levels of fluoroquinolone and colistin resistance in isolates from pig populations in Asia compared to Europe. The heterogeneity of pooled estimates was also higher in Asian countries suggesting that prevalence of AMR is still not fully characterized. There was a major knowledge gap about the situation of AMR in South American and African countries. We also identified key deficiencies in how AMR data was reported in the studies. A meta-analysis using 6,167 publicly available genomes of swine E. coli established the prevalence and global distribution of genetic determinants that can lead to fluoroquinolone and colistin resistance.ConclusionThis study provides the most comprehensive information on prevalence of phenotypic and genotypic resistance to key antimicrobials in pig populations globally. There is a need to establish national surveillance programs and effective policies, particularly in certain world regions, to curtail the threat of evolution of resistant isolates in swine production that can potentially contribute to public health detrimentally.

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<p>First identification of <em>mcr-1/mcr-2</em> genes in the fecal microbiota of Canadian commercial pigs during the growing and finishing period</p>

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli Harboring Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance: mcr-1 and mcr-3 Genes in Contracted Pig Farms in Thailand

Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli Harboring Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance: mcr-1 and mcr-3 Genes in Contracted Pig Farms in Thailand

Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance and ESBL production in Escherichia coli from clinically healthy and sick pigs

Global Distribution of Fluoroquinolone and Colistin Resistance and Associated Resistance Markers in Escherichia coli of Swine Origin – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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