&lt;p&gt;Estrogen Receptor Beta Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration, and Angiogenesis of Gastric Cancer Cells Through Inhibiting Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling [Retraction]&lt;/p&gt;

Zhang, Yiping; Wu, Yahua; Zhou, Xufeng; Yi, Benyi; Wang, Lili

doi:10.2147/ott.s270074

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“…The results of our study are similar to those found in studies on non-female genital diseases. Estrogen can inhibit the migration of gastric cancer cells by inhibiting MSCS (55) and NF-kB pathways to reduce the activity of gastric cancer cells and induce their apoptosis (56,57). Both ERα and ERβ are expressed in gastric cancer and normal gastric tissues, but studies have shown that the physiological effect of estrogen in gastric cancer is mainly realized through ERβ-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and invasion (58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Missing link between tissue specific expressing pattern of ERβ and the clinical manifestations in LGBLEL

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2023

Front. Med.

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PurposeLacrimal gland benign lymphoepithelial lesion (LGBLEL) is an IgG4-related disease of unknown etiology with a risk for malignant transformation. Estrogen is considered to be related to LGBLEL onset.MethodsSeventy-eight LGBLEL and 13 control clinical samples were collected and studied to determine the relationship between estrogen and its receptors and LGBLEL development.ResultsThe serological analysis revealed no significant differences in the levels of three estrogens be-tween the LGBLEL and control groups. However, immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the expression levels of ERβ and its downstream receptor RERG were relatively lower in LGBLEL samples than in control samples, with higher expression in the lacrimal gland and lower expression in the lymphocyte infiltration region. However, low expression of ERα was detected. The transcriptome sequence analysis revealed upregulated genes associated with LGBLEL enriched in lymphocyte proliferation and activation function; downregulated genes were enriched in epithelial and vascular proliferation functions. The key genes and gene networks were further analyzed. Interactions between B cells and epithelial cells were analyzed due to the identified involvement of leukocyte subsets and epithelial cells. B cell proliferation was found to potentially contribute to lacrimal gland apoptosis.ConclusionTherefore, the tissue-heterogeneous expression pattern of ERβ is potentially related to the clinical manifestations and progression of LGBLEL, although further investigations are required to confirm this finding.

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