&lt;p&gt;Emodin Retarded Renal Fibrosis Through Regulating HGF and TGFβ–Smad Signaling Pathway&lt;/p&gt;

Yang, Fan; Deng, Lu; Li, Jinpeng; Chen, MuHu; Liu, Ying; Hu, YingChun; Wang, Zhong

doi:10.2147/dddt.s245847

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Although rhein has been widely demonstrated to protect against renal fibrosis ( Zeng et al, 2014 ; Hu et al, 2019 ; He et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2020 ; Yu et al, 2020 ), only two previous studies have reported that rhein protected against renal fibrosis by inhibiting the NF-ƙB p65 protein expression ( Liu et al, 2021b ) and lincRNA-COX2/miR-150-5p/STAT1 axis ( Hu et al, 2020b ). Similarly, a number of publications have demonstrated that emodin retarded renal fibrosis by modulating several pathways, such as TGF-β/Smad, TGF-β/BMP-7, PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β, and Bax/caspase-3 signaling pathways ( Jing et al, 2017 ; Ma et al, 2018b ; Yang et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021c ). Furthermore, several studies have demonstrated the inhibitory effect of emodin on renal fibrosis by suppressing the NF-ƙB p65 protein expression ( Lu et al, 2020 ) or the levels of ROS, TNF-α, and interleukin-6 ( Chen et al, 2017c ; Jing et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shenkang Injection and Its Three Anthraquinones Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis by Simultaneous Targeting IƙB/NF-ƙB and Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways

Luo

Suo²,

Ren³

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Oxidative stress and inflammation are important and critical mediators in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. Shenkang injection (SKI) has been widely used to treat patients with CKD. Although the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity was involved in SKI against CKD, its bioactive components and underlying mechanism remain enigmatic. A rat model of adenine-induced chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with, and largely driven by, oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, we identified the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory components of SKI and further revealed their underlying mechanism in the adenine-induced CRF rats. Compared with control rats, the levels of creatinine, urea, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum were significantly increased in the adenine-induced CRF rats. However, treatment with SKI and its three anthraquinones including chrysophanol, emodin, and rhein could reverse these aberrant changes. They could significantly inhibit pro-fibrotic protein expressions including collagen I, α-SMA, fibronectin, and vimentin in the kidney tissues of the adenine-induced CRF rats. Of note, SKI and rhein showed the stronger inhibitory effect on these pro-fibrotic protein expressions than chrysophanol and emodin. Furthermore, they could improve dysregulation of IƙB/NF-ƙB and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways. Chrysophanol and emodin showed the stronger inhibitory effect on the NF-κB p65 protein expression than SKI and rhein. Rhein showed the strongest inhibitory effect on p65 downstream target gene products including NAD(P)H oxidase subunits (p47phox, p67phox, and gp91phox) and COX-2, MCP-1, iNOS, and 12-LO in the kidney tissues. However, SKI and rhein showed the stronger inhibitory effect on the significantly downregulated anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative protein expression nuclear Nrf2 and its target gene products including HO-1, catalase, GCLC, and NQO1 in the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway than chrysophanol and emodin. This study first demonstrated that SKI and its major components protected against renal fibrosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation via simultaneous targeting IƙB/NF-ƙB and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways, which illuminated the potential molecular mechanism of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of SKI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shenkang Injection and Its Three Anthraquinones Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis by Simultaneous Targeting IƙB/NF-ƙB and Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways

Luo

Suo²,

Ren³

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…When emodin was used in combination with HGF, the expression of TGF-β1 in UUO mice and in HK2 cells was decreased. This indicates that the combined use of HGF and emodin can inhibit renal fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, and the effect is better than that of emodin alone ( Yang et al, 2020 ). Yang et al confirmed that emodin can inhibit the expression of TGF-β1 and FN by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway ( Yang et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Inhibitory Effects Of the Natural Ingredients On Renal Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The progress and prospect of natural components in rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) in the treatment of renal fibrosis

Wang

Yu²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Renal fibrosis is a key pathological change that occurs in the progression of almost all chronic kidney diseases . CKD has the characteristics of high morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence is increasing each year on a global scale, which seriously affects people’s health and quality of life. Natural products have been used for new drug development and disease treatment for many years. The abundant natural products in R. ribes L. can intervene in the process of renal fibrosis in different ways and have considerable therapeutic prospects.Purpose: The etiology and pathology of renal fibrosis were analyzed, and the different ways in which the natural components of R. ribes L. can intervene and provide curative effects on the process of renal fibrosis were summarized. Methods: Electronic databases, such as PubMed, Life Science, MEDLINE, and Web of Science, were searched using the keywords ‘R. ribes L.’, ‘kidney fibrosis’, ‘emodin’ and ‘rhein’, and the various ways in which the natural ingredients protect against renal fibrosis were collected and sorted out.Results: We analyzed several factors that play a leading role in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, such as the mechanism of the TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Additionally, we reviewed the progress of the treatment of renal fibrosis with natural components in R. ribes L. and the intervention mechanism of the crucial therapeutic targets.Conclusion: The natural components of R. ribes L. have a wide range of intervention effects on renal fibrosis targets, which provides new ideas for the development of new anti-kidney fibrosis drugs.

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“…Results from both in vivo and in vitro experiments have revealed that emodin has biological properties, such as antibacterial [ 10 ], anti-inflammatory [ 11 ], antiulcer [ 12 ], and immunosuppressive [ 13 ] activities. Furthermore, emodin can be used to treat renal fibrosis [ 14 ]. Emodin has been extensively investigated in studies on kidney diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy [ 15 ], renal fibrosis [ 16 ], and AKI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emodin-Mediated Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury

Liu

Teh

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Acute kidney injury (AKI), a common condition associated with a high mortality rate, is characterized by declined glomerular filtration rate, retention of nitrogen products, and disturbances in balance of water, electrolyte, and acid-base. Up to date, there is no effective treatment for AKI. Despite the continuous improvement in blood purification techniques, a considerable proportion of patients with AKI still progress to end-stage renal disease. These patients with advanced stage of end-stage renal disease will require long-term renal replacement therapy, which places a heavy burden on the family and the society. In recent years, the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in AKI management has been gradually increasing. Clinical evidence has demonstrated that three-month treatment with TCM produced better clinical outcomes in terms of clinical effectiveness rate and improvement in renal function (serum creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and cystatin C) compared with Western medicine. Rhubarb is a commonly used herb in TCM for the treatment of AKI. The main active component of rhubarb is emodin, which was first recorded in Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica. It has been shown that emodin has a variety of pharmacological activities including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, and immunosuppressive effects. Emodin has been found to be effective against renal fibrosis and has been widely studied for its effects on kidney diseases such as diabetic nephropathy, renal fibrosis, and AKI. Moreover, promising results have been obtained from these studies. In this study, the results obtained from research on the use of emodin for AKI treatment has been reviewed.

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<p>Emodin Retarded Renal Fibrosis Through Regulating HGF and TGFβ–Smad Signaling Pathway</p>

Cited by 21 publications

References 46 publications

Shenkang Injection and Its Three Anthraquinones Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis by Simultaneous Targeting IƙB/NF-ƙB and Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways

Shenkang Injection and Its Three Anthraquinones Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis by Simultaneous Targeting IƙB/NF-ƙB and Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways

The progress and prospect of natural components in rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) in the treatment of renal fibrosis

Emodin-Mediated Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury

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