<p>Determinants of Undernutrition Among Adult People on Antiretroviral Therapy in Goba Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia: A Case–Control Study</p>

Abstract

Background: Nutritional status affects effectiveness and adherence to antiretroviral therapy, survival status, and quality-of-life in people living with human immunodeficiency virus. Prevalence of undernutrition among HIV infected people in Ethiopia ranges from 12.3% to 55.6%. Objective: To identify determinants of undernutrition among adult people on antiretroviral therapy in Goba Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: A facility-based case-control study was conducted on 276 study participants from March 16 to May 26, 2019. Nutritional status was determined by body mass index (BMI), where BMI<18.5 kg/m 2 was defined as malnutrition. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect data by face-to-face interview. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.4 and then exported to SPSS version 23 for analyses. Bivariable and multiple binary logistic regression were fitted. Multicollinearity was checked among candidate variables using variance inflation factor. P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant and AORs at 95% CIs was used to assess the strength of association. Results: The response rate of participants was 97% among cases and 95% among controls. Nearly two-thirds (65%) of cases and 54.3% of controls were females. Factors significantly associated with undernutrition were household food insecurity (AOR=3.24, 95% CI=1.72-6.08), depression (AOR=2.07, 95% CI=1.16-3.72), current alcohol consumption (AOR=3.80, 95% CI=1.71-8.43), and non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (AOR=2.61, 95% CI=1.28-5.30). Conclusion: Household food insecurity, depression, current alcohol consumption, and nonadherence to ART were associated with undernutrition. Strengthening the strategies and programs that target food assistance besides therapeutic interventions, addressing problems related to adherence of ART, incorporating psychosocial information about depression and substance use during counseling provided by healthcare providers for PLHIV and further longitudinal study were recommended.

Undernutrition and associated factors among HIV-Infected adults receiving ART at Health centers, Lega Tafo and Surrounding, Ethiopia, 2021

“…This nding was consistent with study conducted in Humera hospital, West shewa zone ( ve times) and Goma (14). Similarly, nearly the same report from Study conducted in Bale Goba (22) and study conducted in Asella Town (44). But also house food security agreed with study reported from Siltie zone that stated household food security as protective effect on under nutrition HIV/AIDS patients (15).…”

“…The nding is in line with study conducted in Addis Ababa might be due to similarity in socio-economic level and health service accessibility. Likewise, it is in line with the prevalence range of study conducted in Goba town (12.3%-55.6%) (22). Similarly, it is in line with study conducted in Awassa town which is 20% (45).…”

Nutritional status and associated factors among adult on Antiretro-viral therapy in Gamo zone public health facilities, southern Ethiopia

“…The nding of this study also reviled that food insecured respondents were 2.69 times more likely to be underweight as compared to those who were food secured in comparison to normal. This nding is in line with other studies done in bale Goba, LegaTafo and surrounding, bench shako zone, east Harerge zone and west Shewa zone which stated that household food insecurity was signi cantly independently associated with undernutrition (27,39,41,42,58). This was obviously due to lack access to su cient food to meet dietary needs for productive and health life and it leads to de ciency of macro and micronutrient.…”

“…Khat Chewer: An individual will be taken as "current khat chewer" if he/she had chewed at least one bundle of khat per week within the last 30 days (27).…”

“…Even though treatment protocol was improved, malnutrition can affect the effectiveness of the drug, the survival status of the patient, and increase the risk of non-communicable disease (27). And also different intervention and proclamation were implemented to improve the nutritional status of HIV/AIDS patients, the problem is still evident and it is a major public health problem.…”