<p>Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Epidemiology of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Turkey</p>

Abstract

Purpose: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have become a global health threat in the last two decades. In this study, we aimed to determine antibiotic resistance using phenotypic and genotypic methods in VRE strains obtained from inpatients and to investigate clonal relatedness among strains. Methods: Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of 47 VRE strains obtained from inpatients at Karabuk University Hospital from 2014 to 2015 were determined using the BD Phoenix™ automated microbiology system. Vancomycin resistance genes (Van A and B) were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Clonal relatedness among the strains was evaluated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: All 47 VRE strains obtained from rectal (n=35), blood (n=7), and urine (n=5) samples were confirmed as Enterococcus faecium; they were resistant to ampicillin, gentamicin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin. One E. faecium isolate was intermediately resistant to linezolid. No strain was resistant to quinupristin-dalfopristin or daptomycin. Only vanA was detected among strains. According to the PFGE results, 31 of 47 strains were clonally related with a clustering rate of 66%. No common clone was detected. Conclusion: VRE infections are associated with high mortality, morbidity, and healthcare expenditures. Increasing resistance to last-line drugs, such as linezolid and daptomycin, among VRE strains is a great concern. Therefore, comprehensive measures should be performed to reduce VRE colonization. Although there was no common clone VRE outbreak, polyclonal spread was observed in our hospital. The high clustering rate indicated cross-contamination. Thus, a more effective infection control program should be implemented.

Evaluation of the antibacterial and anticancer activities of marine Bacillus subtilis ESRAA3010 against different multidrug resistant Enterococci (MDRE) and cancer cell lines

“…Furthermore, 33 isolates (55.93%) were obtained from male samples while 26 isolates (44.07%) were obtained from female participants (Table 1) from El-Demerdash teaching hospital. The presence of resistant Enterococci isolates in human societies acts as a source for hospital infections [1]. In line with our results, Karna, et al [4] revealed that the predominance of Enterococci isolates were achieved from age group 0-10 (20.9%), after that age group 20-30 (19.8%) along with detection of the high incidence of infection in male participants.…”

“…In the current work, the susceptibility patterns in the infections [19], clinical samples in Kashmir; North India [43], health care setting [3], tertiary care center of Eastern Nepal [4] and Turkey [1].…”

“…Enterococcus species are Gram-positive cocci usually present in the human and sometimes become severely infectious agents; particularly they are frequently ind novel mechanisms to evade the antibiotics treatments [1,2]. They developed multidrug resistance to different antibiotics in common use (MDR) with markedly increasing prevalence by contacting with contaminating surfaces and apparatus or infected persons [3].…”

<p>Prescribing Pattern of Antibiotics Using WHO Prescribing Indicators Among Inpatients in Ethiopia: A Need for Antibiotic Stewardship Program</p>

“…ABR is the ability of a microorganism to stop the antibiotic from working against it or failure of the drug to inhibit the growth of a microorganism at clinically achievable concentration. 30…”

Determination of Antimicrobial Activity of Various Plant Essential Oils on Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) and Some Pathogenic Microorganisms

“…It is resistant to dry conditions; therefore, Enterococci can remain in hospital settings for a long time and spread easily among patients. (Asgin, 2020). It may predominate the gut microbiota of long-term hospitalized patients, especially those who taking broad-spectrum antibiotics (Reyes 2016).…”