<i>Sterculia tragacantha</i> Lindl Aqueous Leaf Extract Ameliorate Cardiomyopathy in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats via Urotensin II and FABP3 Expressions

Abstract

the clinical complications of diabetes mellitus connected to cardiac irregularities 3) . This affects more than 12％ of diabetic individuals worldwide, which could cause heart malfunction and later death. The main attributes of DCM include oxidative stress, fatigue, and cardiac hypertrophy amongst others 4) .Likewise, Bhattacharjee et al. 5) reported that continuous hyperglycemia in DM patients inflames the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as inflammation; these perform an important function in DCM. In addition, accumulation of ROS activates overexpression of urotensin Abstract: Sterculia tragacantha (ST) Lindl leaf is commonly used locally in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. This study was aimed at assessing the valuable effects of ST leaf on streptozotocin-diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally to the experimental animals to induce DM, and hence, placed on different doses of ST for 14 days. Thereafter, on the 15 th day of the experiment, the animals were euthanized, and a number of cardiomyopathy indices were investigated. The diabetic rats exhibited a momentous increase in hyperlipidemia, lipid peroxidation as well as a significant (p < 0.05) decline in antioxidant enzyme activities. The serum creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), C-reactive protein (CRP), cardiac troponin I, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and urotensin II expression revealed a significant (p < 0.05) upsurge in diabetic rats. Also, the expression of GLUT4 and fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in diabetic rats. However, at the conclusion of the experimental trial ST significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress biomarkers by augmenting the antioxidant enzyme activities and decrease in lipid peroxidation, ameliorated CK-MB, CRP, cardiac troponin I, TNF-α, and urotensin-II levels, and improved GLUT4 and FABP3 expressions. Similarly, the administration of ST prevented histological alterations in the heart of diabetic animals. Therefore, the obtained results suggest that ST could mitigate DCM in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Combination Therapy of Alpha-Lipoic Acid, Gliclazide and Ramipril Protects Against Development of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via Inhibition of TGF-β/Smad Pathway

“…The focal point of the present study is our observation of marked degeneration and vacuolation of myocardial fibers in untreated diabetic rats, which positively correlated with elevated levels of cardiac damage markers such as troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase myoglobin band (CK-MB) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in plasma and heart tissue. cTnI and CK-MB are powerful biomarkers for sensitive and specific detection of cardiomyopathies such as DCM or cardiac injury from various causes while BNP is a non-specific but sensitive biomarker for predicting cardiac dysfunction including DCM ( Atabek et al, 2004 ; Korraa et al, 2012 ; El-Saiedi et al, 2020 ; Ajiboye et al, 2021 ). Thus, increased levels of these biomarkers predict the risk of cardiomyocyte death and subsequent adverse cardiac events.…”

Potential clinical biomarkers and perspectives in diabetic cardiomyopathy

“…To ameliorate streptozotocin-induced cardiomyopathy in diabetic rats, an aqueous extract of the leaves of Fructus Lindl was found to reduce hyperlipidemia as well as oxidative stress. This was accomplished by lowering the expression of urotensin II and FABP3 [ 89 ]. Researchers investigating the role of lipotoxicity in DCM found that elevated FABP3 expression in the diabetic heart combined with elevated expression of other lipid metabolites causes mitochondrial damage, phosphorylation uncoupling, and ATP deficiency, ultimately leading to diabetic cardiac insufficiency [ 90 ].…”