&lt;em&gt;Rehmannia glutinosa&lt;/em&gt; polysaccharide liposome as a novel strategy for stimulating an efficient immune response and their effects on dendritic cells

Huang, Yee; Qin, Tao; Huang, Yifan; Liu, Zhenguang; Bo, Ruonan; Hu, Yuanliang; Liu, Jiaguo; Wu, Yi; Wang, Deyun

doi:10.2147/ijn.s119108

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…From a biomedicine perspective, these herbs and formulas are considered antipyretic and anti-inflammatory, and may have antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal effects (Chen and Chen, 2004, p. 105). A recent study (Huang et al, 2016) investigated the use of Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide liposome (RGPL), a standardized extract of the unprepared form of rehmannia (sheng di huang). Rehmannia glutinosa is traditionally used in TCM to clear heat from the body, and nourish fluids in cases of high or continuous low-grade fever, thirst, dry mouth, and constipation.…”

Section: Qingre (Formulas and Herbs That Clear Heat)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese Herbal Medicine and Its Regulatory Effects on Tumor Related T Cells

Hoffman

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Traditional Chinese medicine is an accepted and integral part of clinical cancer management alongside Western medicine in China. However, historically TCM physicians were unaware of the chemical constituents of their formulations, and the specific biological targets in the body. Through HPLC, flow cytometry, and other processes, researchers now have a much clearer picture of how herbal medicine works in conjunction with the immune system in cancer therapy. Among them, the regulation of tumor-related T cells plays the most important role in modulating tumor immunity by traditional Chinese medicine. Encouraging results have been well-documented, including an increase in T cell production along with their associated cytokines, enhanced regulation of Tregs and important T cell ratios, the formation and function of Tregs in tumor microenvironments, and the promotion of the number and function of normal T Cells to reduce conventional cancer therapy side effects. Chinese herbal medicine represents a rich field of research from which to draw further inspiration for future studies. While promising agents have already been identified, the vast majority of Chinese herbal mechanisms remain undiscovered. In this review, we summarize the effects and mechanisms of specific Chinese herbs and herbal decoctions on tumor related T cells.

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Section: Qingre (Formulas and Herbs That Clear Heat)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese Herbal Medicine and Its Regulatory Effects on Tumor Related T Cells

Hoffman

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…When Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharides were encapsulated in a liposome and compared with the un-encapsulated one in a mouse model, the former posted superior results. First the encapsulated polysaccharide showed much higher stability for a longer period, it also induced significantly higher lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine production and upregulation MHCII and CD86 in lymph node DCs (Huang et al 2016) In another study, PLGA polymer was used also for the coencapsulation of paclitaxel and a TLR4 agonist (a phthalic acid derivative of LPS). This system effectively activated immune cells and facilitated the infiltration of T cells into the tumour microenvironment in a mouse model (Roy et al 2013).…”

Section: Modification Of Delivery Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-derived polysaccharides activate dendritic cell-based anti-cancer immunity

et al. 2018

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Today, cancers pose a major public health burden. Although a myriad of cancer treatments are available, only a few have achieved clinical efficacy. This is partly attributed to cancers capability to evade host immunity by converting dendritic cells (DCs) from potent stimulators to negative modulators of immunity. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy attempts to resolve this problem by manipulating the functional characteristics of DCs. Plant-derived polysaccharides (PDPs) can stimulate the maturation of DCs conferring on them the capacity to present internalised tumorigenic antigens to naïve T cells and subsequently priming T cells to eliminate tumours. PDPs have been used as immune modulators and later as anti-cancer agents by Traditional Chinese Medicine practitioners for centuries. They are abundant in nature and form a large group of heterogeneous though structurally related macromolecules that exhibit diverse immunological properties. They can induce antigen pulsed DCs to acquire functional characteristics in vitro which can subsequently be re-introduced into cancer patients. They can also be used as adjuvants in DC-based vaccines or independently for their intrinsic anti-tumour activities. Clinically, some in vitro generated DCs have been shown to be both safe and immunogenic although their clinical application is limited in part by unsatisfactory functional maturation as well as impaired migration to draining lymph nodes where T cells reside. We review the relative potencies of individual PDPs to induce both phenotypic and functional maturation in DCs, their relative abilities to activate anti-cancer immunity, the possible mechanisms by which they act and also the challenges surrounding their clinical application.

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“…RGP could also induce the maturation of BMDCs (19), the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and the IL-12 and IFN-γ expression regulated by T cells (20). In addition, RGP liposomes could enhance the antigen presenting ability of mature DC cells and increase the number of splenic lymphocytes, IgGs, central and effector memory cells in vivo (21). However, to the best of our knowledge, no research has been conducted on the immune regulation, antioxidant and disease resistance effects exerted by RGP on the common carp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Oral Rehmannia glutinosa Polysaccharide Administration on Immune Responses, Antioxidant Activity and Resistance Against Aeromonas hydrophila in the Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio L

et al. 2020

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The effects of the oral administration of Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide (RGP-1) on the immunoregulatory properties, antioxidant activity, and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Cyprinus carpio L. were investigated. The purified RGP-1 (250, 500, and 1,000 µg/mL) was co-cultured with the head kidney cells of the common carp. The proliferation and phagocytosis activities of the head kidney cells, and the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines in the culture medium were determined. Next, 300 common carps (47.66 ± 0.43 g) were randomly divided into five groups; the two control groups (negative and positive) were administered sterile PBS and the three treatment groups were administered different concentrations of RGP-1 (250, 500, and 1,000 µg/mL) for seven days. Subsequently, the positive and treatment groups were infected with A. hydrophila, and the negative group was administered sterile PBS for 24 h. The concentration of NO, cytokines, lysozyme (LZM), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in serum, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), and the total activities of superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the hepatopancreas of the common carp were tested. We observed that RGP-1 could significantly enhance the proliferation and phagocytosis activities (P < 0.05), besides inducing the production of NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β) (P < 0.05) in vitro. The in vivo experimental results revealed that RGP-1 significantly enhanced NO production, protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12), LZM and AKP activities, and the antioxidant content (T-AOC, SOD, CAT, GSH, GSH-Px, and MDA) compared to that observed in the negative group prior to A. hydrophila infection (P < 0.05). NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines, LZM Feng et al. RGP-1 as Immunostimulant in Commom Carp and AKP activities were significantly lower than that in the positive group after infection (P < 0.05). However, whether infected or not, the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β) increased significantly in the RGP-1-treated groups (P < 0.05). Therefore, the results suggested that RGP-1 could enhance the non-specific immunity, antioxidant activity and anti-A. hydrophila activity of the common carp, and could be used as a safe and effective feed additive in aquaculture.

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<em>Rehmannia glutinosa</em> polysaccharide liposome as a novel strategy for stimulating an efficient immune response and their effects on dendritic cells

Cited by 22 publications

References 34 publications

Chinese Herbal Medicine and Its Regulatory Effects on Tumor Related T Cells

Chinese Herbal Medicine and Its Regulatory Effects on Tumor Related T Cells

Plant-derived polysaccharides activate dendritic cell-based anti-cancer immunity

The Effects of Oral Rehmannia glutinosa Polysaccharide Administration on Immune Responses, Antioxidant Activity and Resistance Against Aeromonas hydrophila in the Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio L

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