<b>Weed management strategies for castor bean crops

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Castor bean crops are agriculturally relevant due to the quality and versatility of their oil, both for the chemical industry and for biodiesel production. Proper weed management is important for both the cultivation and the yield of castor bean crops; therefore, the intention of the present work is to review pertinent information regarding weed management, including the studies regarding weed interference periods, chemical controls for use in different crop production systems and herbicide selectivity, for castor bean crops. Weed science research for castor bean crops is scarce. One of the main weed management challenges for castor bean crops is the absence of herbicides registered with the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MALFS). Research for viable herbicides for weed control in castor bean crops should be directed by research and/or rural extension institutions, associations and farmers cooperatives, as well as by manufactures, for the registration of these selective herbicides, which would be primarily used to control eudicotyledons in castor bean crops. New studies involving the integration of weed control methods in castor bean also may increase the efficiency of weed management, for both small farmers using traditional crop methods in the Brazilian Northeast region, as well as for areas with the potential for large scale production, using conservation tillage systems, such as the no-tillage crop production system. Keywords: weed competition, herbicides, selectivity, Ricinus communis. Estratégias de manejo de plantas daninhas na cultura da mamoneira RESUMO.A cultura da mamoneira apresenta destacada relevância principalmente devido à qualidade e versatilidade de seu óleo tanto na indústria química como para produção de biodiesel. Considerando a importância do manejo de plantas daninhas para o cultivo e produtividade da mamoneira, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo abordar as principais informações disponíveis sobre o assunto, entre as quais foram destacados os estudos de períodos de interferência das plantas daninhas, controle químico em diferentes sistemas de produção e seletividade de herbicidas à cultura. Verificou-se que os resultados de pesquisa sobre o manejo da cultura da mamona são escassos, nos mais variados aspectos da ciência das plantas daninhas. Uma das principais dificuldades para o controle de plantas daninhas na cultura da mamona é a atual ausência de herbicidas registrados no MAPA. As informações existentes descrevem perspectivas viáveis que necessitam ser direcionadas por instituições de pesquisa e/ou extensão rural, associações e cooperativas de produtores rurais, assim como por empresas fabricantes, para o registro de herbicidas seletivos, principalmente para o controle de espécies eudicotiledôneas. Novos estudos envolvendo a integração de métodos de controle de plantas daninhas em mamoneira também podem aumentar a eficiência no manejo, tanto para pequenas propriedades da tradicional região do Nordeste brasileiro, assim como para áreas com potencial de p...

Agronomic performance of castor under different growing conditions

“…In practical terms, know the growing conditions of this crop implies in the accurately recommendation of practices relating to the management of fertilization and weed control to the farmer, as the use of fertilizers, performing weeding, mowing or application of post-emergent herbicides (TORRES et al, 2013). Thus, the survey of this information 56 Agronomic performance… TORRES, F. E. et al contributes to the understanding of cropping systems that allow the castor bean production expansion in Brazil and the increase of productivity and economic returns for this crop (COSTA et al, 2014). Given the above, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different growing conditions on the agronomic performance of castor cultivars grown in the Savanna-Pantanal ecotone region.…”

Selectivity and efficacy of herbicides to control volunteer soybean in castor crop

“…Consequently, concerns about the need to control plants resulting from remaining soybean seeds (called volunteers), have increased because they can compete for water, light and nutrients with crops sown in succession (Silva and Concenço, 2014;Sá et al, 2015). Despite this, research in weed management of castor crop has been neglected and are scarce Costa et al, 2014) and the lack of information is substantially higher regarding the control of volunteer species such as soybean.…”

“…The studies about this issue have indicated several compounds as non-selective to castor: acifluorfen, imazapic, imazethapyr, lactofen, 2,4-DB (Grichar et al, 2012), diuron, atrazine, atrazine + simazine, atrazine + metolachlor, diclosulan, 2,4-D, flumetsulan, imazaquin, imazapyr, sulfentrazone, isoxaflutole and pyrithiobac-sodium (Costa et al, 2014). The results have indicated only chlorimurom-ethyl as selective latifolicide to castor in post-emergence (Maciel et al, 2006;Sofiatti et al, 2012), but because it is selective and recommended for soybean crop, does not represent control this species (Brasil, 2017).…”

Seletividade do halosulfuron-methyl aplicado em pré-emergência da cultura da mamoneira

“…Como alternativa, o controle químico é considerado o método mais prático e econômico (Maciel et al, 2008), havendo necessidade de aprimoramento dos programas de manejo de plantas daninhas Costa et al, 2014). Entretanto, poucas são as opções viáveis para o controle químico (Maciel et al, 2011), tornando imprescindíveis novos estudos que identifiquem herbicidas seletivos à mamoneira.…”