<b>Characterization of <i>Carya illinoiensis</i> and <i>Juglans regia</i> oils obtained by different extraction systems

Abstract

ABSTRACT. It is extremely important to evaluate the extraction processes of vegetable oils used in food, considering that the nuts are rich sources of triacylglycerols. Thus, the present study aimed at comparing the methods of solvent extraction and extraction by pressing of the lipid fractions of walnut (Juglans regia) and pecan nut (Carya illinoensis), in order to elucidate their influence on the content of bioactive substances. The samples were analyzed regarding fatty acid profile, tocopherols, phytosterols, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds, presenting relevant quantities of these bioactive substances. It was found that the extraction of oils by pressing minimized degradation of tocopherol when compared to solvent extraction. However, solvent extraction is more efficient to extract bioactive compounds such as phytosterols, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds.Keywords: Chromatography, Soxhlet, pressing, oilseeds. Caracterização de óleos deCarya illinoiensis e Juglans regia obtidos por diferentes sistemas de extração RESUMO. É de suma importância avaliar os processos de extração de óleos vegetais utilizados na alimentação humana, considerando o fato de que as nozes são fontes ricas em triacilgliceróis. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar os métodos de extração por solvente e por prensagem das frações lipídicas da noz (Juglans regia) e da noz pecã (Carya illinoensis), visando elucidar sua influência sobre o conteúdo de substâncias bioativas. As amostras foram analisadas quanto ao perfil de ácidos graxos, tocoferóis, fitosteróis, carotenoides e compostos fenólicos totais, apresentando quantidades relevantes destas substâncias bioativas. Verificou-se que a extração de óleos por prensagem minimizou a degradação dos tocoferóis quando comparada com a extração por solvente. No entanto, a extração por solvente foi mais eficiente para extrair compostos bioativos como fitosteróis, carotenoides e compostos fenólicos totais.Palavras-chave: Cromatografia, Soxhlet, prensagem, oleaginosas.

Effect of Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) on Extraction Yield and Stability of Oil Obtained from Dry Pecan Nuts (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh. K. Koch))

“…Concerning oil extraction from dry pecan nuts, the OEY of reference kernels (88.7%) was higher than those reported for pecan nut oil extracted by hydraulic pressing (56.4–58.9%) [ 9 , 35 , 36 ] and higher than the OEY of fresh pecan nut kernels used as a reference in the previous study (63.8%) [ 18 ]. Dry kernels differed from fresh kernels in moisture and oil content but also in kernels microstructure displaying more structural damage compared to fresh pecan nuts [ 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Application of Pulsed Electric Fields PEF on Pecan Nuts Carya illinoinensis Wangenh. K. Koch: Oil Extraction Yield and Compositional Characteristics of the Oil and Its By-product

“…The cake has been suggested as an ingredient in bakery products with the potential to enhance products' functional properties due to its water and oil absorption capacities along with its phenolic compounds concentration (Maciel et al 2020;Marchetti et al 2018). Nevertheless, the main drawback of oil mechanical extraction from pecan nuts is its low oil extraction yield (OEY) compared to solvent extraction (<60.0%) (Cockerham et al 2012;Costa-Singh and Jorge 2015). In order to increase OEY, drying or enzymatic processes have been applied as pretreatments to oilseeds, modifying the phytochemical profile of the extracted oil and negatively affecting its physicochemical properties (Çakaloğlu et al 2018;Liu et al 2019).…”

Quantitative determination of specialised metabolites in different parts of Juglans regia Linn. and Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch by using UHPLC‐DAD‐QTOF‐MS/MS

“…C. illinoinensis is a rich source of phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, tannins, naphthoquinones, 6,7 diarylheptanoids, and tetralones 8 . J. regia and C. illinoinensis shares almost similar phenolics 9 however, they differ in unsaturated fatty acids content 10 . J. regia has an ethnobotanical legacy and almost every part of the plant has been used.…”