Lower Plasma Albumin, Higher White Blood Cell Count and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein are Associated with Femoral Artery Intima-Media Thickness Among Newly Diagnosed Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction Low albumin levels, high levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and high white blood cell count were risk factors for changes in arterial intima-media thickness (IMT). Femoral artery IMT damages were one of the common peripheral artery type 2 diabetes. This study was conducted to determine the association between femoral artery IMT and plasma albumin, hs-CRP levels, and white blood cell count in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (nT2D). Materials and Methods From January 2015 to May 2020, 306 patients with nT2D were recruited for this cross-sectional descriptive study at Vietnam’s National Endocrinology Hospital. We measured IMT by Doppler ultrasound. Results There was a statistically significant difference in albumin, hs-CRP levels, hs-CRP-to-albumin ratio, and white blood cell counts between three different IMT groups namely normal IMT, thick IMT, and atherosclerosis (p = 0.003, p = 0.001, p = 0.001 and p = 0.049, respectively). In the multivariate linear regression analysis, white blood cell count, and hs-CRP levels showed a significantly positive correlation to IMT (standardized B and p of 0.17, 0.015 and 0.163, 0.024, respectively), but albumin levels were a significantly negative correlation to IMT (standardized B = –0.151, p = 0.029). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that albumin (OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.65–0.90, p = 0.018), hs-CRP (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.18, p = 0.026), and white blood cell count (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.03–1.81, p = 0.033) had correlation to atherosclerosis of femoral artery. Conclusion Reduced plasma albumin, elevated hs-CRP, and white blood cell count associated with IMT increased the odds for atherosclerosis of femoral artery among nT2D.

The Correlation Between Serum Glucagon Peptide-1 Levels with Intima Media Thickness of Carotid Artery in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…The correlation between A. carotid KIM values and fGLP-1 serum levels in this study was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test (Phi Thi Nguyen et al, 2022). From the results of the analysis, it was found that the KIM A. carotid value and fGLP-1 serum levels had a negative correlation, with a strong correlation strength, which was expressed by the value of r = -0.748 and the degree of significance of p = 0.000.…”

Anti-Cancer Properties of Flaxseed Proteome

“…Functioning as a po antioxidant, albumin aids in neutralizing free radicals-unstable molecules respon for cellular damage and heightened cancer risk [29]. Furthermore, albumin plays a piv role in immune system functionality, safeguarding against endothelial dysfunc through immunomodulation and antioxidant mechanisms [56]. Diminished albu levels could potentially trigger inflammation and an increase in leukocyte count [57 a significant source of amino acids, albumin contributes to essential protein synth required for healthy cell growth and division; deficiencies in this synthesis have correlated with an elevated cancer risk [58,59].…”

“…Functioning as a potent antioxidant, albumin aids in neutralizing free radicals-unstable molecules responsible for cellular damage and heightened cancer risk [29]. Furthermore, albumin plays a pivotal role in immune system functionality, safeguarding against endothelial dysfunction through immunomodulation and antioxidant mechanisms [56]. Diminished albumin levels could potentially trigger inflammation and an increase in leukocyte count [57].…”

Anti-Cancer Properties of Flax Seed Proteome

“…Functioning as a potent antioxidant, albumin aids in neutralizing free radicals-unstable molecules responsible for cellular damage and heightened cancer risk [19]. Furthermore, albumin plays a pivotal role in immune system functionality, safeguarding against endothelial dysfunction through immunomodulation and antioxidant mechanisms [47]. Diminished albumin levels could potentially trigger inflammation and an increase in leukocyte count [48].…”