Lower Miocene (Fleming) Depositional Episode of the Texas Coastal Plain and Continental Shelf: Structural Framework, Facies, and Hydrocarbon Resources

Galloway, William E.; Jirik, L.A.; Morton, Robert A.; Dubar, Jules R.

doi:10.23867/ri0150d

Cited by 39 publications

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“…Further, the delta flank area was clearly a shore zone dominated by a stable, aggrading barrier bar system that was bounded updip by lagoonal and coastal plain facies and downdip by marine shelf and slope facies (Galloway et al 1983). 14).…”

Section: (Courtesy Of the Texas Bureau Of Economic Geology)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrigenous Clastic Depositional Systems

Galloway¹,

Hobday²

1996

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. Galloway. William E. Terrigenous clastic depositional systems: applications to fossil fuel and groundwater resources/William E. Galloway, David K. Hobday. -2nd completely rev .. updated, and enl. ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. 445-484) and index. ISBN 0-387-60232-1 (hardcover).-ISBN 3-540-60232-1 (hardcover) 1. Sedimentation and deposition. 1. Hobday, David K. II. Title. QE571. G27 1996 553.2 -dc20 95-47132 This work isThe use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Springer-Verlag. E. Kirchner Typesetting: Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong SPIN: 10509771 32/3136/SPS -5 4 3 2 1 0 -Printed on acid-free paper Preface to the Second EditionNonrenewable energy resources, comprising fossil fuels and uranium, are not randomly distributed within the Earth's crust. They formed in response to a complex array of geologic controls, notably the genesis of the sedimentary rocks that host most commercial energy resources. It is this genetic relationship between economic resources and environment that forms the basis for this book. Our grouping of petroleum, coal, uranium, and ground water may appear to be incongruous or artificial. But our basic premise is that these ostensibly disparate resources share common genetic attributes and that the sedimentological principles governing their natural distributions and influencing their recovery are fundamentally similar. Our combined careers have focused on these four resources, and our experiences in projects worldwide reveal that certain recurring geologic factors are important in controlling the distribution of commercial accumulations and subsurface fluid flow. These critical factors include the shape and stability of the receiving basin, the major depositional elements and their internal detail, and the modifications during burial that are brought about in these sediments by pressure, circulating fluids, heating, and chemical reaction.Since the first edition of this book in 1983, there has been a quantum leap in the volume of literature devoted to genetic stratigraphy and refinement of sedimentological principles and a commensurate increase in the application of these concepts to resource exploration and development. Two wholly new chapters, 11 and 16, have been added to accommodate these advances, two chapters (7 and 8) have been completely rewritten, and Chapters 3, 6, 9, 10, and 13 have been substantially revised.We review the spectrum of terrigenous (land-derived or siliciclastic as opposed to in-place or biochemical) clastic depositional systems and their component genetic facies, with emphasis on subsurface as well as field recognition. These range from the most proximal, subaerial, and generally coarse-grained alluvial-fan systems through fluvial, deltaic, shore-zone, ...

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Section: (Courtesy Of the Texas Bureau Of Economic Geology)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrigenous Clastic Depositional Systems

Galloway¹,

Hobday²

1996

Self Cite

250

103

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“…Huminite reflectance (R o ) of Wilcox coal samples from Leon County is 0.32-0.5% (Mukhopadhyay, 1989), and this level of thermal maturity suggests that the Wilcox was never substantially deeper than the present burial depths of 200-565 m. We estimate that the Wilcox samples from Leon County were 300 m deeper and 12 C hotter at their maximum burial than at present. Closer to the coast, continued subsidence occurred during the Tertiary, so Wilcox sandstones are likely to be near their maximum burial depth now (Fisher and Land, 1986;Galloway et al, 1986;McBride et al, 1991). Therefore, we assumed that only the most updip samples, from Leon County (Fig.…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Reprint of: Diagenetic controls on evolution of porosity and permeability in lower Tertiary Wilcox sandstones from shallow to ultradeep (200–6700m) burial, Gulf of Mexico Basin, U.S.A.

Dutton

Loucks

2010

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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a b s t r a c tReservoir quality is a critical risk factor in deep to ultradeep reservoirs at depths >4.5 km. Analysis of Paleogene Wilcox sandstones on the upper Texas Gulf Coast provides insight into the evolution of reservoir quality during shallow to ultradeep burial diagenesis. Reduction of porosity and permeability with burial in Wilcox sandstones was evaluated using subsurface samples from 200 to 6700 m, at temperatures of 25-230 C. Diagenesis and petrophysical properties were interpreted from petrographic data and core analyses. Wilcox sandstones are mostly lithic arkoses and feldspathic litharenites having an average composition of Q 59 F 22 R 19 . Provenance did not change significantly during Wilcox deposition in this area, nor does average sandstone composition vary among lower, middle, and upper Wilcox sandstones. However, composition does vary with sequence-stratigraphic position; lowstand slope-fan deposits contain more rock fragments than do deposits from highstand or transgressive systems tracts. Given observations from this onshore dataset, Wilcox sandstones deposited in deepwater environments in the Gulf of Mexico are likely to contain more rock fragments than their linked highstand equivalents.Pore types in Wilcox sandstones change from a mix of primary and secondary pores and micropores at shallower depths to predominantly secondary pores and micropores in deeper sandstones. Wilcox sandstones show steady porosity reduction from an average of 33% at 38 C to 12% at 132 C, with little additional loss at higher temperatures. By 132 C, most primary pores have been lost by mechanical compaction or occluded by quartz cementation. Volume of secondary pores remains nearly constant despite dissolution of 3.5% average potassium feldspar during deep burial. Volume of this late dissolution of potassium feldspar is offset by precipitation of ankerite, albite, illite, and minor quartz in secondary pores. The proportion of microporosity, which occurs in authigenic clays, altered grains, and matrix, increases in the deepest sandstones. Change in proportion of pore types and reduction in total porosity with increasing temperature changes porosity-permeability transforms. Because most deep to ultradeep Wilcox sandstones are dominated by secondary pores and micropores, porosity-permeability transforms have lower slopes than those for shallower sandstones.

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“…The general paleogeographic settings are important in understanding the distribution of major depositional facies in the area. Galloway et al (1986) studied the lower Miocene of Texas and described three main systems of the Texas: (1) Santa Cruz Fluvial System, (2) Moulton/Pointbank Stream Plain System, and (3) Newton Fluvial System. Both Matagorda fields bear the influence of middle Moulton/Pointbank System, whereas the Matagorda 622 field was also influenced by Santa Cruz System.…”

Section: Paleogeography and Depositional Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both Matagorda fields bear the influence of middle Moulton/Pointbank System, whereas the Matagorda 622 field was also influenced by Santa Cruz System. According to Galloway et al (1986), this section consists of sand-rich innercoastal "microtidal" barrier island sequences transected by numerous small streams.…”

Section: Paleogeography and Depositional Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of NMR Response in the Distributary Bar Sequence, Matagorda Island Field Gulf of Mexico

Syngaevsky¹,

Chilingar²

2007

Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmenta

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Nuclear-magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements provide petrophysicists with porosity distributions that are lithology-independent. Forward modeling allows analyzing NMR, taking into account all data available. Based on the study of distributary bar system, we found that: (1) mouth bar facies studied are characterized by unimodal distribution of T 2 , "free-fluid" maximum at 20.0-40.0 ms and a "tail" associated with the chlorite coating and partially dissolved feldspar microporosity at 0.5-3.0 ms; (2) Delta front facies have bimodal distribution with maximums at 2.0 and 30.0 ms, a 4.8 ms and 65 ms cut-off values were established to define clay-bound and free-fluid volumes; and (3) Distal bar sands with calcite cementation have cut-offs of 12.0 ms and 90C ms. To characterize delta front facies, an additional case has been modeled to illustrate the dependence of clay-bound water cut-off point upon mineralogy: (a) chlorite-mixed layer grain coating have 5.0 ms cut-off, and (b) kaolinte pore filling has a cut-off value of 20 ms.

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Lower Miocene (Fleming) Depositional Episode of the Texas Coastal Plain and Continental Shelf: Structural Framework, Facies, and Hydrocarbon Resources

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Terrigenous Clastic Depositional Systems

Terrigenous Clastic Depositional Systems

Reprint of: Diagenetic controls on evolution of porosity and permeability in lower Tertiary Wilcox sandstones from shallow to ultradeep (200–6700m) burial, Gulf of Mexico Basin, U.S.A.

Modeling of NMR Response in the Distributary Bar Sequence, Matagorda Island Field Gulf of Mexico

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