Lower levels of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D among young adults at diagnosis of autoimmune type 1 diabetes compared with control subjects: results from the nationwide Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS)

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis Low plasma vitamin D concentrations may promote the development of type 1 diabetes. To test this hypothesis, we measured plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in young adults with type 1 diabetes. Methods The nationwide Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS) covers 15-to 34-year-old people with newly diagnosed diabetes. Blood samples at diagnosis were collected during the 2-year period 1987/1988. Patients with islet antibodies (islet cell antibodies, GAD antibodies or tyrosine phosphatase-like protein antibodies) were defined as having autoimmune type 1 diabetes. Plasma 25OHD was measured in samples taken from 459 patients at the time of diagnosis, and in 138 of these subjects 8 years later. The results were compared with age-and sex-matched control subjects (n=208). Results At diagnosis, plasma 25OHD levels were significantly lower in patients with type 1 diabetes than in control subjects (82.5T1.3 vs 96.7T2.0 nmol/l; p<0.0001). Eight years later, plasma 25OHD had decreased in patients

High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among newly diagnosed youth-onset diabetes mellitus in north India

“…In our study 25(OH)D was significantly lower (mean ±SD of 7.88 ± 1.20 ng/mL) in patients, compared with 16.64 ± 7.83 ng/mL in the controls. Many recently published studies have found significantly lower levels of 25(OH)D in patients with diabetes compared with controls (6,8,10,26).…”

“…Prevalence varied from as high as 90.60% with a vitamin D cutoff value of < 30 ng/ mL in Qatar (6), to as low as 15% with a vitamin D cutoff value of < 20 ng/mL at Joslin's diabetes center (9), and intermediate prevalence of 54% with a vitamin D cutoff value of < 32 ng/mL in DIASS study (8). In one north Indian study, 58% children with T1DM aged between 6 and 12 year were vitamin D-deficient as compared with only 32% in the control group (25).…”

“…In the past decade, interest in diabetes mellitus and vitamin D metabolism has grown. Many epidemiological studies have found high prevalence of VDD in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM), suggesting an association between the two (7)(8)(9)(10). Type 1 DM is an autoimmune disease with contribution from environmental insults in its causation (11).…”

Increased incidence of chronic GvHD and CMV disease in patients with vitamin D deficiency before allogeneic stem cell transplantation

“…Several observational studies indicate associations between vitamin D deficiency and disorders of the immune system, such as multiple sclerosis, 33 type 1 diabetes, 34 rheumatoid arthritis 35 and rejection of solid organ allografts. 36 Some studies have also shown beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation, most notably in the prevention of type 1 diabetes, 37 and amelioration of symptoms of multiple sclerosis by treatment with high dose vitamin D. 38 However, the relevance of these findings is questioned due to the lack of prospective, randomized trials.…”

Role of vitamin D in immune responses and autoimmune diseases, with emphasis on its role in multiple sclerosis

“…Both laboratory and clinical studies have provided evidence that vitamin D deficiency is an important environmental factor that can increase the prevalence of certain autoimmune diseases, such as MS [55][56][57] , Crohn disease [58] , diabetes mellitus [59,60] , systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [61,62] , asthma [63] , RA [64] , Sjögren's syndrome, systemic vasculitis and antiphospholipid syndrome [65] . A correlation between reduced intake of vitamin D and prevalence of the diseases can be found, which raises the possibility that serum vitamin D level is important for the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.…”