Lower critical solution temperature and hydrophobic hydration in aqueous polymer solutions

Thermal analysis of polymer–water interactions and their relation to gas hydrate inhibition

“…The higher C p of brine in the presence of PVP indicated that in the liquid state, some additional configurational contributions to C p were present in the system. It is known that presence of hydrophobicity in polymers results in an increase in C p , as configurational contributions increase beyond those present in water 16, 17. A five‐member ring in the pendant group of PVP has both hydrophilic (CO group) and hydrophobic characteristics.…”

Tailoring of Stimuli-Responsive Water Soluble Acrylamide and Methacrylamide Polymers

“…Apparently closely related is the LCST behaviour of polyvinylamides such as poly- [Nvinyl-caprolactam] and poly-[N-vinyl-propylacetamide]. [18] The structural variation of monomers suited for LCST behaviour is rather limited. Therefore, the adjusting of the LCST by copolymerization has been studied, alternatively.…”

Approaches to Chemical Synthesis of Protein-Like Copolymers

“…The turbidity of the systems increases sharply after certain threshold temperatures. This indicates the temperature-dependent phase separation typical for LCST-exhibiting polymers such as the NVClhomopolymers [28][29][30][31]. At the same time, the s-fractions of poly(NVCl-coNVIAz) either did not precipitate from the aqueous solutions at all till 70 • C, or the LCST effects were observed at temperatures considerably higher (by 20-30 • C) than for the corresponding p-fractions.…”

“…In turn, the fractions had significant differences in molecular weights and, importantly, exhibited absolutely different temperature-dependent solution behaviour. The fraction p began to precipitate at 34 • C (in fact, similar to the NVCl-homopolymers [28][29][30][31]), and the s-fraction remained water-soluble at least up to 70 • C. The latter fraction, as well as the s-fraction of copolymer obtained from the feed with an initial comonomer molar ratio of 90 : 10, are both marked in grey in Table 1 because they were identified to possess a protein-like structure in aqueous media at definite temperatures.…”