Low Voltage, Low Power <i>G<sub>m</sub></i>-C Filter for Low Frequency Applications

Rao, G. Hanumantha; Rekha, S.

doi:10.1166/jolpe.2018.1558

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…An equivalent circuit is used for CMFB loop gain calculation which is shown in Figure 11B. Also "A" is an error amplifier and the gain of the CMFB loop is obtained from Equation (12). A CMFBÀLoop ¼ g m9,10 r o7,8 r 9,10 Â g ma r oa2 r ob2 ð12Þ…”

Section: Proposed Transconductormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Topologies of continuous-time (CT) LPF can be classified into two main structures; active RC, 10 and transconductance-C (G m -C). 11,12 The cutoff frequency in the active RC filter is equal to 1/2πRC. To achieve a low cutoff frequency, it is necessary to use a large resistor or capacitor, which is not optimal in terms of occupied area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPF is considered to remove unwanted components and establish the Nyquist theory. Topologies of continuous‐time (CT) LPF can be classified into two main structures; active RC, 10 and transconductance‐C ( G m ‐C ) 11,12 . The cutoff frequency in the active RC filter is equal to 1/2πRC .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A low power‐area low pass G_m‐C filter in biomedical analog front end for biosignal acquisition

Vafaei,

Parhizgar,

Abiri

et al. 2023

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SummaryIn this paper, a low‐power transconductor‐capacitor (Gm‐C) filter with programmable cutoff frequency is designed for electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and surface electromyography (sEMG) biosignals. The second‐order Butterworth low pass filter (LPF) is designed as an interface between an instrumentation amplifier (IA) and an analog‐to‐digital converter (ADC). The proposed Gm‐C filter suppresses out‐of‐band components and also plays an anti‐aliasing role. With the variable transconductance based on flipped voltage follower (FVF), the cutoff frequencies of 100 Hz, 560 Hz, and 1.5 kHz are obtained for EEG, ECG, and sEMG, respectively. This structure is highly accurate by using a robust and low‐power common mode feedback (CMFB). With 0.8 V supply voltage, the total power consumption of the filter is only 56 nW, 100 nW, and 221 nW for cutoff frequencies of 100 Hz, 560 Hz, and 1.5 kHz, respectively. The proposed Gm‐C filter is simulated in TSMC 65 nm CMOS technology and occupies an area of 0.12 mm2. The figure of merit (FOM) of the proposed filter is equal to 1.9 pW/pole.

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Section: Proposed Transconductormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A low power‐area low pass G_m‐C filter in biomedical analog front end for biosignal acquisition

Vafaei,

Parhizgar,

Abiri

et al. 2023

Circuit Theory & Apps

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show abstract

“…Bulk‐driven transistors are good candidates to design low‐ G m transconductors as the value of bulk‐transconductance ( g mb ) is 0.2–0.4 times that of gate‐transconductance ( g m ). The designs in previous studies 16,17 used subthreshold bulk‐driven transconductors for designing low‐frequency filters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 0.3‐V, 2.4‐nW, and 100‐Hz fourth‐order LPF for ECG signal processing

Rao

Sreenivasulu

Rekha

et al. 2020

Circuit Theory & Apps

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Summary An ultra‐low voltage, low power bulk‐driven voltage follower (VF) is proposed in this paper. Further, it is exploited to design a fourth‐order low‐pass filter (LPF) for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing. The filter is designed in UMC 180‐nm CMOS technology and operates with an ultra‐low supply voltage of 0.3 V. It consumes an extremely low power of 2.4 nW for a cutoff frequency of 100 Hz. Results of post‐layout simulation show that the proposed filter provides a dynamic range (DR) of 51.6 dB even from a 0.3‐V supply voltage. The filter achieves a Figure‐of‐merit (FoM) of 4.7 × 10−15, which is better than many designs listed in the literature.

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Time Constant Enhancement Technique for Low-Frequency Filters

Rao

Rekha

2019

Circuits Syst Signal Process

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Low Voltage, Low Power G_m-C Filter for Low Frequency Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

A low power‐area low pass G_m‐C filter in biomedical analog front end for biosignal acquisition

A low power‐area low pass G_m‐C filter in biomedical analog front end for biosignal acquisition

A 0.3‐V, 2.4‐nW, and 100‐Hz fourth‐order LPF for ECG signal processing

Time Constant Enhancement Technique for Low-Frequency Filters

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Low Voltage, Low Power Gm-C Filter for Low Frequency Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

A low power‐area low pass Gm‐C filter in biomedical analog front end for biosignal acquisition

A low power‐area low pass Gm‐C filter in biomedical analog front end for biosignal acquisition

A 0.3‐V, 2.4‐nW, and 100‐Hz fourth‐order LPF for ECG signal processing

Time Constant Enhancement Technique for Low-Frequency Filters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Low Voltage, Low Power G_m-C Filter for Low Frequency Applications

A low power‐area low pass G_m‐C filter in biomedical analog front end for biosignal acquisition

A low power‐area low pass G_m‐C filter in biomedical analog front end for biosignal acquisition