Low-voltage Circuit Breaker using Auto-puffer Interruption Technique

Tsukima, Mitsuru; Mitsuhashi, T.; Takahashi, Masao; Hosogai, S.; Yamagata, Sachiko

doi:10.1541/ieejpes1990.122.9_969

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Many polymer materials used for this purpose, such as POM (polyoxymethylene) and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate), include C, H, O, and other elements. Distribution circuit breakers using ablation of PMMA have also been developed [9]. When such carbon-containing gases or vapors are exposed to an arc, deposition of solid carbon is a problem for the insulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO₂, CO₂–O₂, and CO₂–H₂ mixtures at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa

Tanaka

Yamachi

Matsumoto

et al. 2008

Electrical Engineering Japan

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SUMMARYThis paper provides the theoretical calculation results of thermodynamic and transport properties of CO 2 , CO 2 -O 2 mixture, CO 2 -H 2 mixture under thermal equilibrium condition at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and at pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa. The gas CO 2 is one of the candidates for the environmentally benign arc-quenching medium in a circuit breaker. Furthermore, the effect of additional gases O 2 and H 2 on the thermodynamic and transport properties of CO 2 was also investigated in this paper. The hydrogen atom included CO 2 is similar to the polymer ablated vapor in switching devices. First, equilibrium compositions of CO 2 , CO 2 -O 2 mixture, CO 2 -H 2 mixture were calculated through the Gibbs free energy minimization method. Second, thermodynamic properties were computed using the calculated composition. Finally, transport properties were calculated by the first-order approximation of ChapmanEnskog method using the collision integrals between species. Inclusion of H 2 increases the electrical conductivity of CO 2 in the range 3000 to 6000 K because CHO molecules produced in this temperature range emit more electrons due to the lower ionization potential of CHO. It also increases the thermal conductivity of CO 2 especially due to dissociation reactions of H 2 around 3900 K and ionization of H around 15,000 K. These properties provided here can be used for CO 2 thermal plasma simulation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO₂, CO₂–O₂, and CO₂–H₂ mixtures at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa

Tanaka

Yamachi

Matsumoto

et al. 2008

Electrical Engineering Japan

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“…Equation (18) indicates the heat Q at the outer shell, in which the first term on right hand side is the thermal conduction to the inner direction of the particle, the second term is the heat transfer from the surrounding plasma, and the third term is the radiation loss from the surface of the particle. When the temperature T p (r out , t) at the outer shell of the particle is not the melting temperature T m nor the boiling temperature T b , the temperature can be changed according to equation (15). If the temperature T p (r out , t) is the melting temperature T m , the melting phenomenon occurs to change the liquid fraction χ(r out , t) as indicated in equation (16).…”

Section: Dynamics and Heating Of Particles Injected In The Gas Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and experimental investigations on thermal interaction between thermal plasma and solid polymer powders using induction thermal plasma technique

Tanaka¹,

Takeuchi²,

Sakuyama³

et al. 2007

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Abstract. Interaction between thermal plasma and polymer solid powders was investigated using inductively coupled thermal plasma (ICTP) technique. Interaction between thermal plasmas and polymers is extremely important, for example, for design of down-sized circuit breakers, because it fundamentally affects the interruption capability of the circuit breakers. The ICTP technique was used in the present work because it presents the advantages of no contamination and good repeatability. The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene (PE), and polyoxymethylene (POM) were treated as polymer materials. Numerical modelling for injection of polymer solid powders into Ar thermal plasma was also made including thermal interactions between thermal plasmas and polymer powders. Results showed that PMMA-ablated vapour has a higher plasma-quenching efficiency than others; the polymer solid properties affect the plasma-quenching ability indirectly. Comparison of the calculated results to experimental results, showed good agreement from the viewpoints of the spatial distribution of ablated vapour concentration and the average solid particle velocity.

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“…We may consider using this ablation phenomenon to enhance arc extinction, and some development work has been done in this direction, such as modeling of a high-voltage circuit breaker using polymer ablation in combination with CO 2 gas [4] and a new type of circuit breaker for distribution lines using the ablation phenomenon [5]. Polymer ablation in an arc plasma is expected to contribute to faster gas flow, better cooling, pressure rise in the puffer chamber, arc constriction, and higher arc voltage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma‐quenching efficiency of ablated vapor of polymer containing nitrogen atoms using inductively coupled thermal plasma technique

Sakuyama

Tanaka

Uesugi

et al. 2011

Electrical Engineering Japan

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SUMMARYThe plasma-quenching efficiency of the ablated vapor of polymers containing nitrogen atoms was numerically investigated by the inductively coupled thermal plasma technique. Polyamide66 (PA66), which contains nitrogen atoms, was used as a polymer material, and was injected into Ar thermal plasma in a numerical simulation. The simulation model considered heating, melting, and evaporation of polymer powders, and then plasma-quenching phenomena due to polymer ablation. The thermodynamic and transport properties of the ablated vapor were also taken into account. It was found that PA66 vapor has a greater plasma-quenching efficiency than other polymer materials of PTFE, POM, PMMA, and PE. The calculated results were confirmed to be valid by comparison with experimental results in terms of the ablated vapor distribution and powder velocities.

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Low-voltage Circuit Breaker using Auto-puffer Interruption Technique

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO₂, CO₂–O₂, and CO₂–H₂ mixtures at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa

Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO₂, CO₂–O₂, and CO₂–H₂ mixtures at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa

Numerical and experimental investigations on thermal interaction between thermal plasma and solid polymer powders using induction thermal plasma technique

Plasma‐quenching efficiency of ablated vapor of polymer containing nitrogen atoms using inductively coupled thermal plasma technique

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Low-voltage Circuit Breaker using Auto-puffer Interruption Technique

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO2, CO2–O2, and CO2–H2 mixtures at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa

Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO2, CO2–O2, and CO2–H2 mixtures at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa

Numerical and experimental investigations on thermal interaction between thermal plasma and solid polymer powders using induction thermal plasma technique

Plasma‐quenching efficiency of ablated vapor of polymer containing nitrogen atoms using inductively coupled thermal plasma technique

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Product

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Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO₂, CO₂–O₂, and CO₂–H₂ mixtures at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa

Thermodynamic and transport properties of CO₂, CO₂–O₂, and CO₂–H₂ mixtures at temperatures of 300 to 30,000 K and pressures of 0.1 to 10 MPa