Low virulence but potentially fatal outcome—Listeria ivanovii

Human Listeriosis Caused byListeria ivanovii

“…We found 3 other well-documented cases of L. ivanovii –associated human infection (Table) 1 febrile diarrhea ( 7 ) and 2 bacteremia cases ( 8 , 10 ). The infections were associated with AIDS, metastatic carcinoma, or substance abuse; 2 patients were >60 years of age.…”

In VitroAntilisterial Properties of Crude Methanol Extracts ofGarcinia kola(Heckel) Seeds

“…Listeria species are Gram-positive bacteria that are widespread in nature and they have been recovered from raw vegetables, raw milk, fish, poultry, and meats, such that infection most likely begins following ingestion of the organism in contaminated food, and clinical manifestations of the invasive listeriosis are usually severe and may include abortion, sepsis, and meningoencephalitis [9]. …”

“…Listeria crosses the mucosal barrier of the intestine and, once in the bloodstream, may disseminate hematogenously to any site although the liver is thought to be the first target organ, where active multiplication occurs until cell-mediated immune response gains control of the infection [9, 10]. In healthy individuals the continual exposure to listerial antigens may result in maintenance of antilisteria memory T cells; however in immune-compromised individuals this exposure may result in prolonged bacteremia and progress to overt listeriosis such that approximately 70% of nonperinatal Listerial infections occur in individuals with malignancies, AIDS, organ transplants, or in those receiving corticosteroid therapy [9].…”

“…In healthy individuals the continual exposure to listerial antigens may result in maintenance of antilisteria memory T cells; however in immune-compromised individuals this exposure may result in prolonged bacteremia and progress to overt listeriosis such that approximately 70% of nonperinatal Listerial infections occur in individuals with malignancies, AIDS, organ transplants, or in those receiving corticosteroid therapy [9]. The case-fatality rates of Listeria infection vary from country to country, but invariably the highest mortality is among newborns (25%–50%) due to infection acquired from their mothers, whilst mortality among those over 60 years of age is also high ranging between 10%–20% [11].…”

Magnetic bead based immuno-detection of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii from infant formula and leafy green vegetables using the Bio-Plex suspension array system

“…L. monocytogenes triggers the majority of listeriosis in humans although human infection with L. ivanovii is not unprecedented (Guillet et al, 2010;Snapir et al, 2006). There are 13 serotypes of L. monocytogenes that have been identified so far and each has the potential for generating disease in human hosts.…”