Low velocity impact localization system using FBG array and MVDR beamforming algorithm

Sai, Yaozhang; Jiang, Mingshun; Sui, Qingmei; Jia, Lei; Lu, Shizeng

doi:10.1007/s13320-015-0271-y

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There are many methods for measuring the wave velocities of a carbon fiber-reinforced plate (CFRP) in all directions, but they are all complicated and time-consuming. 33,34,35,36,37,38 We set up the receiving sensors and transmitters (transducers shown in Figure 10) in specific directions, then directly measure the distance and the delay time between the transducers and the receiving sensor to calculate the wave velocities in these specific directions. Although the wave speed cannot be obtained in all directions, this procedure is good enough to verify the effectiveness of the proposed T-shaped sensor cluster.…”

Section: Experimental Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel T-shaped sensor cluster for acoustic source localization

Gao

Jeon

Park

et al. 2021

Structural Health Monitoring

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This study proposes a new sensor cluster configuration for localizing an acoustic source in a plate using uniform linear array beamforming and T-shaped sensor clusters. This technique requires neither the properties of the plate material nor a dense array of sensors to find the direction of arrival of the acoustic source. It functions by placing four sensors in a cluster in the shape of the letter “‘T” over a small region of the plate. Uniform linear array beamforming-based source localization is carried out by the constructive interference of different sensor signals. However, this approach has the disadvantage of a very low resolution when the direction of arrival approaches certain values. The L-shaped sensor clusters use the information from the time difference of arrival between the sensors to estimate the direction of arrival, which has a high resolution in all directions except for the direction that is very close to vertical to the cluster. In this study, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate that the proposed T-shaped sensor cluster can accurately localize the acoustic source with no blind area. We also detail its superior performance compared to both uniform linear array beamforming and L-shaped clusters. In the experimental investigation, the maximum deviation of impact source localization was reduced significantly, from 54° to 4° for an aluminum plate, and from 42° to 3° for a composite plate. Furthermore, this novel combined sensor array layout requires only a few sensors, which can significantly reduce the cost of structural health monitoring practice.

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Section: Experimental Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel T-shaped sensor cluster for acoustic source localization

Gao

Jeon

Park

et al. 2021

Structural Health Monitoring

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“…The objective of the MVDR beam-forming algorithm is preserving the power output of the impact signal and minimizing the power output of interference and noise. Then the essence is related to the issue of minimizing the constraint (Sai et al, 2015). To minimize the signal power of interference in other directions when the signal power in the direction of the signal source is constant, that is…”

Section: Mvdr Linear Array Sensing Signal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, at present, the application of MVDR is mainly available in the location of acoustic emission. Sai (2015) proposed an impact localization system on the basis of the fiber Bragg grating array and MVDR. In addition, the localization system is verified on a polymer plate reinforced by carbon fiber for both single-impact and multi-impact localizations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage imaging for composite using Lamb wave based on minimum variance distortion-less response method

Jiang

et al. 2019

Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control

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It is highly probable for the structures of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) to suffer from invisible impact damage, for which the identification of such damage is of great significance. For the purpose of damage localization, this paper proposes a minimum variance distortion-less response (MVDR) algorithm that employs linear array sensor. In addition, a near field signal model based on active Lamb wave is established and the propagation of Lamb wave is investigated in composite laminates through the method of simulation. Moreover, a damage imaging system is also set up for composites to verify the effectiveness of the MVDR algorithm. Besides, in the study, wavelet transform is used as well to extract narrowband signals and promote signal-to-noise. It is shown by the results that the proposed algorithm can accurately identify the location of damage through the method of imaging. It is concluded that the maximum error of damage identification is 1.2 cm and MVDR algorithm has great potential in the field, damage imaging of composite materials. As a result, it provides a novel idea for damage imaging of composite materials.

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“…Owing to their small size and weight, immunity to electromagnetic noises, good corrosion, fatigue damage resistances, and multiplexing capabilities, Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) have become popular sensing elements for structural health monitoring (SHM). Several pilot researches demonstrated FBG’s capability to detect stress waves [14,15] and a number of ways to localize impact events by FBG sensors have been proposed [16,17,18,19,20,21,22]. A number of techniques, which have been employed as the foundations of source location algorithms, are briefly reviewed below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct measurement of signal arrival times, as required by TDOA methods, was not needed. The delay-and-sum (DAS) [19] and adaptive minimum variance (MV) beamforming [19,20] algorithms were used to locate acoustic sources by FBG sensors. It was found that FBG’s directional sensitivity undermined the performance of both beamforming methods, with the accuracy of the DAS algorithm affected more than the MV algorithm [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Impact Source Locating System Using FBG Rosette Array

Chen

Shin

2019

Sensors

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For structures vulnerable to foreign object impact damages, it would be desirable to detect and locate any occurrence of such impacts. This can be achieved by monitoring the stress waves generated by an impact together with certain source localization algorithms. Being small, electromagnetic influence immune and durable, Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are advantageous for this task. One drawback of FBGs for this purpose is their uneven directional sensitivity, which limits its localization ability to within 50° on either side of the fiber axis. Beyond this range, the signal is too weak and masked by noises and the location errors increase abruptly. Two approaches have been tested on a 0.8 m × 0.8 m × 6 mm plate for possible improvement on the system accuracy: firstly, an interrogation scheme with stronger light source intensity and steeper edge filter is employed to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and system sensitivity; secondly, rosettes with two orthogonal FBGs are cascaded together to replace single FBGs to alleviate the directional sensitivity problem. It was found that a four-fold increase in signal to noise ratio contributed by stronger light source does improve the location accuracy, but only marginally. For the rosette approach, the relative positions of the Bragg wavelength of the FBGs and the light source spectrum are crucial to accuracy. Three different wavelength configurations have been tested and the reasons for their success or failure are discussed. It was shown that with an optimal wavelength configuration, the rosette array can virtually extend the good location accuracy to all over the plate.

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Low velocity impact localization system using FBG array and MVDR beamforming algorithm

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

A novel T-shaped sensor cluster for acoustic source localization

A novel T-shaped sensor cluster for acoustic source localization

Damage imaging for composite using Lamb wave based on minimum variance distortion-less response method

An Improved Impact Source Locating System Using FBG Rosette Array

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