Low-Trap-Density CsPbX₃ Film for High-Efficiency Indoor Photovoltaics

Abstract

The continuous advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) and photovoltaic technology has promoted the development of indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) that powers wireless devices. Nowadays, the CsPbX 3 perovskite has received widespread attention because of its high power conversion efficiency (PCE) in an indoor environment and suitable band gap for IPVs. In this work, we regulated the thickness of the photoactive layer (to optimize the carrier transport process without affecting indoor absorption) and bromine substitution (to adjust the band gap and improve the quality of the film) to reduce trap-assisted carrier recombination. A CsPbI 2.7 Br 0.3 perovskite cell with excellent performance was obtained, which is superior to c-Si cells in a low-light environment. The optimized device achieved PCE values of 32.69 and 33.11% under a 1000 lux fluorescent lamp and white lightemitting diode (WLED) illumination. The J−V hysteresis of the device is also effectively suppressed. Moreover, it has a steady-state output power of 7.76 μW (0.09 cm 2 , and can be enhanced by enlarging the areas), which can meet the consumption of many small wireless devices. It is worth noting that the optimized device has excellent applicability to be used in a complex indoor environment.

Powering internet-of-things from ambient energy: a review

“…Attempting to mitigate the effects of trap-assisted recombination would require some treatments, for instance, the passivation of interface defects or the implementation of some additive to enhance their PCE [260]. Additionally, it was possible to fabricate a low-trap CsPbI2.7Br0.3 perovskite cell that performed superbly and outperformed c-Si cells in low-light conditions under illumination from a 1000 lux fluorescent lamp and a WLED, the optimized device attained PCE values of 32.69 and 33.11% [261]. Besides, doping by strong electron acceptor of the perovskite demonstrated a viable method for effective charge transport, opening the door to their use as IPVs.…”

Perspectives for the conversion of perovskite indoor photovoltaics into IoT reality

“…4e and f ). 62 Though the ideal bandgap of perovskite can be tailored by the composition exchange, the corresponding devices are reluctant to achieve comparable PCE based on the SQ theory, which is restricted by the fabrication of films with smooth and pinhole-free morphology and superior carrier transport. To this end, investigating new perovskite materials may pave a feasible way to overcome this obscure.…”

Metal‐Free Perovskites for X‐Ray Detection

“…Metal-free perovskite films (MFPs) have shown excellent performance in photoelectric conversion, thermal stability, and flexibility, which provides strong support for the application of flexible films. [29], [49] Flexible film made of MFPs can improve the detector's integration, response speed, and portability. [11] , [14] Its high X-ray scattering coefficient can effectively absorb highenergy radiation, producing strong electric signals and other excellent characteristics, making it a good candidate for flexible radiodetector.…”