Low-toxicity boron-containing fire-retardant additives for polymeric coatings

Belousova, R. G.; Schwartz, E. M.; Zariņa, Ilze; Valdniece, Dagnija

doi:10.1134/s1070427210020278

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…When 3 wt% B‐HIBD flame retardant is added, PHRR, THR, SPR, TSP, and total CO of EP composites are reduced by 58.2%, 18.3%, 65.9%, 51.2%, and 28.4%, respectively, compared with pure EP, this is not only due to Schiff base contained in B‐HIBD itself, borate also promotes the formation of carbon layer of EP at high temperature, enhancing flame retardant effect in the condensed phase 18 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Whether in air or in nitrogen, the initial degradation temperature and carbon residue of EP introduced with BA, HIBD, BA@HIBD, and B‐HIBD are higher than pure EP, which indicates that both additives can improve the thermal stability of EP composites. Compared with 3 wt% HIBD/EP, the same content of B‐HIBD/EP composite has a higher initial degradation temperature and carbon residue content, indicating that borate can promote the formation of a carbon layer at high temperature to block the entry of oxygen effectively and delay the continued combustion of material, playing a part in the condensed phase 18,19 . In addition，the addition of B‐HIBD also affects the thermal degradation behavior of EP, as is shown in Figures 6 and 7 and Tables 3 and 4: As the amount of adding B‐HIBD increases, EP composites show higher residual carbon yield.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…When 3 wt% B-HIBD flame retardant is added, PHRR, THR, SPR, TSP, and total CO of EP composites are reduced by 58.2%, 18.3%, 65.9%, 51.2%, and 28.4%, respectively, compared with pure EP, this is not only due to Schiff base contained in B-HIBD itself, borate also promotes the formation of carbon layer of EP at high temperature, enhancing flame retardant effect in the condensed phase. 18 The introduction of HIBD did not reduce CO release rate, even higher than pure EP, but total CO reduced by 22.1%, indicating that HIBD can inhibit the toxic gas during EP combustion to a certain extent. Under the co-catalysis of Schiff base and borate in B-HIBD, the carbon layer as a physical barrier is denser, hindering the escape of degradation products and improving the fire safety of In order to further explore the mechanism of action of boroncontaining Schiff base flame retardants, we prepared flame retardants containing equal amounts of 3 wt% BA/EP and BA@HIBD/EP (BA and HIBD are added together) as benchmark.…”

Section: Flame Retardancy Of Neat Ep and Ep Compositesmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Synthesis of a novel type of high‐efficiency boron‐containing Schiff base flame retardant for epoxy resin

Guo

et al. 2022

Fire and Materials

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Boron-containing Schiff base flame retardant ((E)-2-([2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene]amino) ethyl dihydrogen borate (B-HIBD) was prepared easily and successfully. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that when the additive amount was only 3 wt%, the introduction of B-HIBD significantly improved the thermal stability of epoxy resin (EP) composites. The cone calorimeter test showed that compared with pure EP, the peak of heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR)，total smoke production (TSP) ，and the releasing of CO for 3 wt% B-HIBD/EP reduced by 58.2, 18.3, 65.9, 51.2, and 28.4%, respectively, showing that B-HIBD could significantly enhance the fire safety of EP composites. This promotion has been embodied not only in the catalysis function of the Schiff base group containing benzene ring but also in borate participating in the carbon-forming process, promoting the dehydration and carbonization of the EP surface and delaying the transfer of mass and heat in the combustion process, which enhance performance for flame retardant. So it is an efficient strategy to develop a novel type of high-efficiency boron-containing Schiff base flame retardant to improve the fire safety for EP. K E Y W O R D S borate, boron-containing Schiff base, EP composites, fire safety, flame retardant mechanism 1 | INTRODUCTION Epoxy resin(EP) has been utilized widely in the fields of adhesive, coating, laminate, automotive, and construction industries due to its superior adhesion，insulation，mechanical toughness, and chemical resistance. However, EP has poor fire performance, which produces serious security risks and limits its industrial application. 1-4 Over recent decades, polymer materials have been required to meet the characteristics of good flame retardancy, flexible structure, and easy chemical modification. The development of new flame retardants is of great significance for the realization of long-term high-efficiency flame retardancy for polymer materials. Schiff base is a class of organic compounds obtained by dehydration condensation reaction of amine and aldehyde compound, containing functional imine group R 1 R 2 C=NR 3 . 5-8 Recently, great interest has risen in Schiff base group containing aromatic ring for flame retar-dant，which improves the thermal stability of EP effectively, enhances hydrogen bonding ability in thermal degradation process, and has an obvious carbonization tendency, which plays an important role in promoting the formation of residue char. 9 Wu et al. 10 designed a novel aromatic Schiff base "5-(benzylidene-amino)-isophthalic acid dimethyl ester (BA) as a self-crosslinking monomer of PET. It is found that BA n PETs can effectively enhance the char formation and has excellent flame retardancy property and non-dripping behavior. Magdy et al. 11 used Vanillin-Schiff's bases (VSB) as thermal stabilizers and co-stabilizers in air at 180 C for PVC (Polyvinyl chloride). It is found that VSB can impart high-efficiency thermal stability to PVC. In addition, Salen-based Schiff base...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Flame Retardancy Of Neat Ep and Ep Compositesmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Synthesis of a novel type of high‐efficiency boron‐containing Schiff base flame retardant for epoxy resin

Guo

et al. 2022

Fire and Materials

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“…Studies of the addition of compounds such as zinc borate, boric acid, or boron trioxide to resins containing red phosphorus show a reduction in the heat release rate and in the total heat released [83]. However, Belausova et al have showed that some boron compounds can be effective flame retardants without other additives such as halogenated flame retardants or antimony oxides [84].…”

Section: Boron Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Glass/Polyester Laminates with Flame Retardants

2021

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This paper presents a review of flame retardants used for glass/polyester laminates. It concerns flame retardants withdrawn from use such as compounds containing halogen atoms and flame retardants currently used in the industry, such as inorganic hydroxides, phosphorus and nitrogen-containing compounds, antimony, and boron compounds, as well as tin–zinc compounds. Attention is also drawn to the use of nanoclays and the production of nanocomposites, intumescent flame retardant systems, and mats, as well as polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. The paper discusses the action mechanism of particular flame retardants and presents their advantages and disadvantages.

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Flame Retardants: Additives in Plastic Technology

Tawfik

2016

Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series

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Low-toxicity boron-containing fire-retardant additives for polymeric coatings

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Synthesis of a novel type of high‐efficiency boron‐containing Schiff base flame retardant for epoxy resin

Synthesis of a novel type of high‐efficiency boron‐containing Schiff base flame retardant for epoxy resin

Modification of Glass/Polyester Laminates with Flame Retardants

Flame Retardants: Additives in Plastic Technology

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