Low-threshold laser oscillation due to group-velocity anomaly peculiar to two- and three-dimensional photonic crystals

Sakoda, Kazuaki; Ohtaka, K.; Ueta, Tsuyoshi

doi:10.1364/oe.4.000481

Cited by 98 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, studies of light amplification in 2-D gain-modulated structures (modeled as systems with complex refractive index 21 ) indicated that the reduction in the group velocity near photonic stop gaps can lead to optical gain enhancement. Estimates for the lasing threshold that are based on the enhancement of electric fields in photonic crystals were derived 22 and supplemented by numerical studies. Recently, the influence of the photonic bands, lattice structure, and orientation of a 2-D photonic crystal on the gain enhancement and the threshold gain was investigated numerically by use of a scattering-matrix method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the influence of the photonic bands, lattice structure, and orientation of a 2-D photonic crystal on the gain enhancement and the threshold gain was investigated numerically by use of a scattering-matrix method. 23 Although these studies unveiled valuable information on lasing action in photonic crystals, they are either confined to 1-D 20 or linear systems 21 or rely heavily on numerical simulations, 22,23 which permit only limited insight into the underlying physical processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Semiclassical theory of lasing in photonic crystals

2002

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We present a theoretical analysis of laser action within the bands of propagating modes of a photonic crystal. Using Bloch functions as carrier waves in conjunction with a multiscale analysis, we derive the generalized Maxwell-Bloch equations for an incoherently pumped atomic system in interaction with the electromagnetic reservoir of a photonic crystal. These general Maxwell-Bloch equations are similar to the conventional semiclassical laser equations but contain effective parameters that depend on the band structure of the linear photonic crystal. Through an investigation of steady-state laser behavior, we show that, near a photonic band edge, the rate of stimulated emission may be enhanced and the internal losses are reduced, which leads to an important lowering of the laser threshold. In addition, we find an increase of the laser output along with an additional narrowing of the linewidth at a photonic band edge.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiclassical theory of lasing in photonic crystals

2002

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“…An appropriate line defect in a 2D or 3D PC serves as a waveguide that can guide light in a desired direction by PBG confinement [13,14]. Such a defect acting as a microcavity or a waveguide is very important in certain applications, such as low-threshold lasers, micro-waveguides, and optical circuits [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Rotatable Polarizer Using One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with a Nematic Liquid Crystal Defect Layer

Ozaki

Yoshino

2015

Crystals

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Polarization characteristics of defect mode peaks in a one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal (PC) with a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) defect layer have been investigated. Two different polarized defect modes are observed in a stop band. One group of defect modes is polarized along the long molecular axis of the NLC, whereas another group is polarized along its short axis. Polarizations of the defect modes can be tuned by field-induced in-plane reorientation of the NLC in the defect layer. The polarization properties of the 1D PC with the NLC defect layer is also investigated by the finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation.

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“…To obtain the lasing threshold, one can calculate the reflection/transmission as a function of frequency, and ε ′′ . The value of ε ′′ , at which the reflectance/transmittance is divergent, is called as lasing threshold (ε ′′ th ) [12]. For simplicity, we neglected the spontaneous emission in the cavity, which may result in slight overestimation of lasing threshold.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cavity-Coupled Guided Resonances With High Quality Factors in Photonic Crystal Heterostructures

Reddy

Vijaya

2016

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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We study the optical characteristics of a photonic crystal (PhC) heterostructure cavity consisting of two-dimensional monolayer PhC, sandwiched between two identical passive multilayers. In the range of stopband of the multilayer, guided resonance of the sandwiched PhC are excited by the evanescent waves of the multilayer stack and the quality factor of these cavity-coupled guided resonances is ∼10 6 . The calculated field distribution facilitates the distinction between the cavity defect modes and the coupled guided resonances of the proposed design. The line shapes of the resonances are explained using a theoretical model. Significant decrease in the lasing threshold is observed for these resonant modes in comparison to the defect modes. These results will find use in designing compact PhC-based ultra-low threshold lasers and narrow band filters.

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Low-threshold laser oscillation due to group-velocity anomaly peculiar to two- and three-dimensional photonic crystals

Cited by 98 publications

References 0 publications

Semiclassical theory of lasing in photonic crystals

Semiclassical theory of lasing in photonic crystals

Electrically Rotatable Polarizer Using One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal with a Nematic Liquid Crystal Defect Layer

Cavity-Coupled Guided Resonances With High Quality Factors in Photonic Crystal Heterostructures

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