Low‐Temperature Synthesis of Bismuth Titanate by an Aqueous Sol–Gel Method

Abstract

Homogeneous and fine bismuth titanate (BIT) nanoplate-like powders were synthesized by a modified and simple sol-gel method. The thermal gravimetry-differential thermal analysisderivative differential thermal analysis indicated that BIT gel decomposes in two steps posited at approximately 2781 and 4321C, and BIT began to crystallize before 4501C. Based on the high-temperature X-ray diffraction results, it was concluded that the crystallization temperature of BIT synthesized by the present method was about 4251C and there was no evidence of the formation of an intermediate phase. The BIT crystal structure belonged to the orthorhombic phase with lattice parameters a 5 5.420 Å , b 5 5.431 Å , and c 5 33.273 Å . Field emissionscanning electron microscopy revealed that fine and uniform BIT nanoplate-like powders, about 30 nm in size, were obtained after sintering at 5001C. With increasing temperature, the BIT grains rapidly grew and the coalescence of adjacent grains took place. The synthesis temperatures adopted were substantially lower than those reported in the other literatures.

Fabrication and Characterization of High-k Dielectric Nickel Titanate Thin Films Using a Modified Sol-Gel Method

“…Metal titanates have recently drawn attention as a promising high dielectric material, which can be used in semiconductor devices like dynamic random access memories, and metal‐oxide semiconductor field‐effect transistors to solve current leaking problems 11–14 . Metal titanates can also be used in organic thin‐film transistors to solve charge transport problems between different layers, 15 and applied in ferroelectric random access memory due to their excellent ferroelectric properties 16–19 …”

Towards ultrafine TiO2 nanocrystal at room temperature

“…In our previous work [18][19][20], LA have been testified to be an excellent chelator for preparing aqueous titanate precursors and lowering their crystallization temperature obviously. Adachi's work [21] suggests that Acac can also promote the crystallization of TO 2 at low temperature.…”

Electron Backscattered Diffraction of MonoCrystalline Bismuth Titanate

“…B ismuth titanate (Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 ) belongs to the family of layered perovskite compounds discovered by Aurivillius 1 . It has a high Curie temperature (675°C) and has attracted considerable interest as a lead‐free ferroelectric and piezoelectric material 2 . Due to its tendency for growth in a plate‐like morphology, 3 it has been used extensively as a template to produce crystallographically textured ceramics.…”

“…1 It has a high Curie temperature (6751C) and has attracted considerable interest as a lead-free ferroelectric and piezoelectric material. 2 Due to its tendency for growth in a plate-like morphology, 3 it has been used extensively as a template to produce crystallographically textured ceramics. These have included not only Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 itself, but also other materials for which Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 acts as a seed or template in processes such as reactive template grain growth.…”