Low temperature sintering of lead-free Bi0.5(Na0.82K0.18)0.5TiO3 piezoelectric ceramics by co-doping with CuO and Nb2O5

Inorganic dielectric materials for energy storage applications: a review

“…As the doping at the A or B site of perovskite structure progressed, the scientific community started to focus on the positive effects of co-doping in energy storage performances. For example, the technique of co-doping at the A and B site of perovskite structure of BNKT ceramics with dopants such as Ta [253], Nb [254], Zr [255], Hf [256], Mn [257], Li [258], and La [259], etc reported improved piezoelectric and energy storage applications [72,[260][261][262]. Details of co-doped ferroelectric BNT-systems are also reported elsewhere [72,[260][261][262][263][264][265][266][267].…”

“…For example, the technique of co-doping at the A and B site of perovskite structure of BNKT ceramics with dopants such as Ta [253], Nb [254], Zr [255], Hf [256], Mn [257], Li [258], and La [259], etc reported improved piezoelectric and energy storage applications [72,[260][261][262]. Details of co-doped ferroelectric BNT-systems are also reported elsewhere [72,[260][261][262][263][264][265][266][267]. Similarly, the co-doped system of 0.96[{Bi 0.5 (Na 0.84 K 0.16 )} 1−x−y Li x Mg y (Ti 1−z Nb z ) 3 ] -0.04SrTiO 3 reported enhanced energy storage performance in a temperature range of 100 • C-150 • C, with an energy storage density of 0.70 J cm −3 at an electric field of 5.5 kV mm −1 [260].…”

(Na,K)NbO3–(Bi,Na)TiO3 piezoelectric ceramics for energy-harvesting applications

“…Therefore, lead-free NKN-based ceramics are not yet a viable option for replacing lead-based piezoelectric ceramics. BNT-based lead-free ceramics have been considered for the production of sensors, actuators, and transducers because of their superior dynamic inverse piezoelectric constant (214-930 pm/V) [9][10]. However, pure BNT ceramics have a high coercive field (approximately 7.3 kV/mm) and a low transition temperature from the ferroelectric to the antiferroelectric phase, decreasing their utility in electronics [11].…”

Temperature‐insensitive strain behavior in 0.99[(1−x)Bi0.5(Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3−xBiFeO3]–0.01Ta lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics

“…made a breakthrough in (Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 )TiO 3 –BaTiO 3 –K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (BNT–BT–KNN) system, which showed a large strain response of 0.45% at 80 kV/cm driving field, equivalently a large signal ( S max / E max ) of 560 pm/V. Thenceforth, There are many studies reporting enhancements in electric field‐induced strain in BNT‐based ceramics …”

“…(ii) the chemical modifications, which should effectively disrupt the long‐range ferroelectric order of the base composition in a way that its reestablishment is achievable by the application of electric field. Based on the above, a common strategy to come up with materials of optimized strain properties so far was to incorporate a small amount of additional chemical entities such as metal dopants or ABO 3 /A 2 B 2 O 6 ‐type compounds into BNT–BT or BNT–BKT compositions especially those at the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB).…”