Low specific absorption rate hexa‐band coplanar waveguide‐fed planar inverted‐F antenna with independent resonant frequency control for wireless communication applications

Abstract

Compact low specific absorption rate (SAR) hexa‐band planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) with independent resonant frequency control is presented in this study. Two trapezoidal shaped slots are etched on the coplanar waveguide (CPW)‐fed PIFA‐radiating plate to create two independent resonant frequencies as well as the fundamental CPW‐fed PIFA itself. Three coupled slots are added within the ground plane to create additional three independent resonant frequencies with slight effect on the other resonant frequencies. Multiband (dual, tri, quad, penta and hexa) band capabilities with bandwidth enhancement and acceptable SAR values are realised for different wireless communication applications. The SAR of human head is investigated by using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) 2012 Microwave Studio Hugo Voxel Model. The proposed antennas are fabricated and there is a good agreement between measured and simulated results.

A Wearable Circularly Polarized Antenna Backed by AMC Reflector for WBAN Communications

“…The gap distance between the antenna ground plane and the human tissue model is referred to as d. The tissues' dielectric properties of each layer of the human tissue model are listed in Table 5 [46]- [47]. The absence of a backing reflector between the antenna and the human body, can severely affect the antenna's performance [48]. Fig.…”

Dual-Feed Small-Size Penta-Band PIFA for LTE/WWAN Mobile Handset Applications

“…Accordingly, the mutual coupling between the radiating elements and the ground plane is increased, which leads to a higher quality factor and brings more complex challenges to obtain wideband antennas. In this case, PIFA [1][2][3][4] is considered as a promising candidate, since its radiative performances are quite independent of the size of the clearance area on the ground plane. However, PIFA usually covers a narrow bandwidth and occupies a large volume, especially for the lower band.…”

Specific absorption rate reduction of multi‐standard mobile antenna with double‐negative metamaterial

“…The EM absorption limit specified in IEEE C95.1:2005 is 1.6 W/kg in a 1 g averaging mass and 2 W/kg in a 10 g averaging mass of tissue, which is similar to the limit stated in the International Commission on Non-Ionising Radiation Protection guideline. In recent years, several techniques have been studied to reduce electromagnetic radiation; specifically, auxiliary antenna elements [1], material loading, EBG [2,3] and metamaterials [4]. A coplanar waveguide-fed planar inverted-F antenna has been studied [1] for low specific absorption rate.…”

“…In recent years, several techniques have been studied to reduce electromagnetic radiation; specifically, auxiliary antenna elements [1], material loading, EBG [2,3] and metamaterials [4]. A coplanar waveguide-fed planar inverted-F antenna has been studied [1] for low specific absorption rate. In [2], a printed monopole with an embedding EBG structure has been proposed and reduced SAR values of 61.56% at 1.8 GHz and 50.39% at 2.1 GHz.…”