Low Serum Zinc and Increased Acid Phosphatase Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Periodontitis Subjects

Abstract

Micronutrient zinc plays a major role in influencing the periodontal conditions in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects. In the developed countries nearly 40% of the people are zinc deficient among the T2DM. Now it is estimated that nearly 2 billion subjects in the developing world may be zinc deficient. The periodontal diseases are highly prevalent and can affect up to 90% of the world wide population. Many chronic diseases have been associated with periodontal disease which results in adverse pregnancy outcomes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, pulmonary disease, and diabetes, but the causal relations have not been established. Zinc in human play an important role in cell mediated immunity and was also an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Zinc helps in the stabilization of lysosomal membranes. The increased acid phosphatase activity might be a result of destructive processes in alveolar bone in advanced stages of periodontal disease. In light of the available data, the study aimed to show how low serum zinc and increased level of lysosomal enzyme, acid phosphatase affect the subjects of Type 2 diabetes mellitus with periodontitis.