Low serum enterolactone concentration is associated with low colonicLactobacillus–Enterococcuscounts in men but is not affected by a synbiotic mixture in a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over intervention study

Abstract

Low serum enterolactone concentration is associated with low colonic Lactobacillus-Enterococcus counts in men but is not affected by a synbiotic mixture in a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over intervention study AbstractThe aims of the present study were to assess the possible differences in faecal microbiota between men with a low serum enterolactone concentration and those with a high concentration, and to investigate the impact of a synbiotic mixture on serum enterolactone concentration in men with a low concentration. We compared faecal microbiota between ten men with the lowest serum enterolactone concentration and ten men with the highest concentration at recruitment (n 84). Furthermore, we carried out a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over intervention study (6-week intervention periods and 4-week washout period) to investigate the impact of a synbiotic mixture (two Lactobacillus strains, one Bifidobacterium strain, one Propionibacterium strain and galacto-oligosaccharides (32 g/l)) on serum enterolactone concentration in fifty-two men who had a concentration ,20 nmol/l. Serum sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was measured at the end of the first intervention period. Men with a low serum enterolactone concentration when compared with those with a high concentration had less faecal bacteria, especially those belonging to the Lactobacillus -Enterococcus group (median 8·2 (interquartile range 7·8 -8·4) log 10 colony-forming units/g v. median 8·8 (interquartile range 8·5 -8·9) log 10 colony-forming units/g, P¼ 0·009). The synbiotic mixture that was used did not have a significant effect on serum enterolactone (synbiotic v. placebo ratio 0·96 (95 % CI 0·76, 1·22), P¼ 0·724) or serum sensitive CRP (synbiotic v. placebo ratio 0·99 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·33), P¼ 0·954) concentration. Men with a low serum enterolactone concentration harbour less colonic bacteria, especially those belonging to the Lactobacillus -Enterococcus group. A synbiotic mixture does not increase serum enterolactone concentration.Key words: Faecal microbiota: Serum enterolactone: Sensitive C-reactive protein: Synbiotic mixture Low serum enterolactone concentration is an independent risk factor of acute coronary events and death for CHD and CVD in men (1,2) . The inhibition of lipid peroxidation (3,4) , up-regulation of hepatic LDL receptor activity (5) , inhibition of lipoprotein uptake by macrophages (6) and oestrogen-like effect (7) are the proposed mechanisms behind the protective effect of enterolactone. Enterolactone is produced by intestinal metabolism of food lignans such as matairesinol, secoisolariciresinol, pinoresinol and lariciresinol (8 -10) , non-energetic, phenolic plant compounds abundantly found in whole-grain cereals, vegetables and some fruits and berries (10,11) . Enterolactone is the main circulating product of intestinal lignan metabolism (10) and has been proposed to be more potent in terms of biological properties than the parent compounds (12) .Although it is pos...

Effects of Daily Consumption of Synbiotic Bread on Insulin Metabolism and Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein among Diabetic Patients: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial

“…Divergent evidence is available on the anti-inflammatory properties of synbiotics and probiotics. In agreement with our study, consumption of the synbiotic containing 2 Lactobacillus strains, 1 Bifidobacterium strain, 1 Propionibacterium strain, and galacto-oligosaccharides (32 g/l) did not influence serum CRP levels among men with a low serum enterolactone concentration after cross-over at 6 weeks [35]. Furthermore, consumption of 1,500-mg probiotic capsules containing L. acidophilus, L. bulgaricus, L. bifidum, and L. casei twice daily did not show any significant changes in serum hs-CRP levels among diabetic patients after 6 weeks compared to the placebo [24].…”

Triclosan and prescription antibiotic exposures and enterolactone production in adults

“…Previous studies have demonstrated potentially important roles for multiple bacterial species, including Peptostretococcus productus, Eggerthella lenta, Eubacterium, Butyribacterium methyltrophicum, Clostridium scindens, and Lactonifactor longovifromis (26–30). A recent epidemiologic study observed that subjects with lower enterolactone concentration in serum also had lower fecal bacteria counts, especially for bacteria in the Lactobacillus-Enterococcus group (31). The target of low-dose triclosan is enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase, which is essential for lipid biosynthesis in many, but not all, bacterial species (2).…”

Gut metabolites and bacterial community networks during a pilot intervention study with flaxseeds in healthy adult men

“…Thus, it is sound to hypothesize that gut microbial profiles influence enterolignan production phenotypes with possible ensuing consequences on physiological effects. Besides numerous in vitro work based on fermentation experiments using human fecal slurries , there are only two studies that investigated serum enterolactone concentrations and fecal bacteria in human subjects . The study by Holma et al .…”

“…The study by Holma et al . focused solely on the comparison between two groups of individuals (low or high serum enterolactone), fecal bacteria were analyzed in a targeted manner, and the intervention included a synbiotic mixture but no lignan substrates . Very recently, Hullar et al .…”