A dipole-type millimeter-wave (mm-wave) antenna with directional radiation characteristics is presented. A radiating patch structure composed of a dipoletype radiation patch and a rectangular-shaped parasitic patch are initially investigated to achieve a wider bandwidth. To further improve the operating bandwidth and to realize a directional radiation characteristic, this radiating patch structure is top-loaded above a conducting cavity-backed ground structure, which has a low profile (thickness of 3 mm). The measured results show that the proposed mm-wave antenna can achieve a wide 10-dB bandwidth of 51.3% (29.6-50.0 GHz) and stable gain across the desired frequency range. Furthermore, good directional characteristics over the entire mm-wave frequency band with a compact antenna size of 0.64λ 40GHz × 0.91 λ40GHz × 0.43 λ40GHz are also realized. Hence, it is suitable for many small size wireless mm-wave systems.
K E Y W O R D Sdipole-type, millimeter-wave antenna, cavity-backed, directional radiation
| INTRODUCTIONDue to the increasing developments of wireless communication technology, the demand for wider operating bandwidths that provide higher transmission rates are inevitable. 1 Recently, the frequency bands below 6GHz (also known as the sub-6 GHz band) are becoming very crowded because of the significant increase in various wireless applications in these bands. 2 Therefore, the mmwave bands (frequency range of 28-39 GHz) have been selected recently for future applications, such as the fifth generation (5G) application. 3-8 Mm-wave antennas for wireless communication and radar systems were initially developed for military systems, 9,10 and the quality of communication of an mm-wave system is strongly determined by the performances of the transmitting and receiving antennas. Among the various feeding techniques for mm-wave antenna such as the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) feed and coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed, the CPW feeding is usually the preferred