Low‐profile circularly polarized planar antenna for GPS L1, L2, and L5 bands

Mishra, Sabyashachi; Das, Susmita; Pattnaik, Shyam S.; Kumar, Sachin; Kanaujia, Binod Kumar

doi:10.1002/mop.32077

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Though the antenna in [19] is smaller in size, it has a low gain level of less than 0.5 dBi due to a relatively smaller ground plane and is linearly polarized. In [15], [17], [20], [23], the gain performance s higher with wide IBW, but the antenna is bigger with a complex feed structure making it difficult for fabrication. Even though the size of the antennas in [14], [16], [18] is big, the gain is observed to be moderate with narrow 3 dB ARBW in [14], [16].…”

Section: B Performance Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By introducing circuitry elements in the annular patch rings [13], [14], CP is produced with dual band operation having reduced cross polarization radiation levels. Similarly, through a pair of slits and the quarter-wavelength arc, CP is produced in [15]. Though it is a single fed ring antenna, the size is bigger for the specified application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hexagonal-Triangular Combinatorial Structure Based Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for GAGAN Receivers

Sahana

Jayakumar

2023

IEEE Access

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A multilayer gap-coupled dual band hexagonal microstrip patch antenna is presented for GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) receivers. GAGAN is developed by AAI (Airport Authority of India) and ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) exclusively for aviation purposes with the GPS frequencies L5 (1176.45 MHz) and L1 (1575.42 MHz). The proposed GAGAN antenna has three trapezoidal and four equilateral triangular patch resonators configured to form a gap-coupled hexagonal patch on the top layer and seven equilateral triangular patches with slots in between to form the middle layer. Both the layers are fed by a single coax feed to achieve a dual band compact microstrip antenna of size 55 mm x 55 mm x 3.2 mm. Instead of designing the hexagonal antenna conventionally from a circular patch antenna, the sides of the equilateral triangular patch are truncated to obtain the proposed compact hexagonal antenna as the triangular antenna occupies less area when compared to circular or square patches for a fixed frequency. To bring in novelty with improved performance, the combinatorial structured configuration has been explored through step-by-step optimization. The aspects of GAGAN requirements like circular polarization with a single input, dual band operation and high gain with gain flatness are achieved with this compact structured antenna when compared to square and circular patch antennas. The combinatorial structures such as perturbation and truncation introduced in the patches are responsible for exciting two near-degenerate orthogonal modes producing circular polarization (CP). A cross slot etched in the center patch results in gain enhancement with a gain above 3.2 dBi over a bandwidth of 20 MHz in both the bands. Five shorting pins are added to achieve high impedance matching and good CP with an axial ratio (AR) below 2 dB. The simulated and measured results are found to be in good agreement with greater than 20 MHz operational bandwidth exhibiting CP with an omni-directional radiation pattern having high cross polar levels of -22 dB. The size reduction achieved in the proposed design is 56.79% when compared to the conventional hexagonal patch antenna. The measured 10 dB impedance bandwidth is 2.7% and 2.1% for L5 and L1 bands respectively with a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 2.3% for L5 and 2.0% for L1, satisfying GAGAN requirements.INDEX TERMS Circular polarization, dual band, global positioning system (GPS), GPS aided GEO augmented navigation receivers (GAGAN), hexagonal antenna, multilayer, triangular antenna.

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Section: B Performance Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexagonal-Triangular Combinatorial Structure Based Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for GAGAN Receivers

Sahana

Jayakumar

2023

IEEE Access

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“…According to [34], a short annular ring antenna made of Rogger and FR4 materials achieves multi-band characteristics. An elliptical patch with a pair of concentric slot rings in the ground is reported in [35] for multi-band antenna characteristics. All of the reported antennas have a multi-layered structure, expensive materials, and are difficult to fabricate due to their complexity.…”

Section: Comparison With State-of-the-art Of Multi-band Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-Shaped Tri-Band Antenna Based on Characteristic Mode Analysis for Satellite Applications

Lohar¹,

Sharma²,

Katewa³

et al. 2021

PIER C

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This article presents a T-Shaped Tri-Band (TSTB) antenna based on the Characteristic Mode Analysis (CMA) for satellite applications. Tri-band characteristics are achieved by exciting two orthogonal radiating modes for the L5-band and L1-bands, and one higher order radiating mode for the S-band. Initially, cavity model theory is applied to a rectangular antenna to calculate orthogonal modes (T M z 010 & T M z 001 ) at L5-band and S-bands, and these modes are validated using the CMA method. With the help of surface current study and modification of a rectangular antenna, the one higher order radiating mode and orthogonal modes are excited by using the CMA method. All desirable radiating modes are excited by a single coaxial feed line in full-wave simulation, which is based on FIT (Finite Integration Technique). The proposed antenna's measured operating frequencies are 1575 MHz (L1-band) for GPS (Global Positioning System) system, 1174 MHz (L5-band), and 2495 MHz (S-band) for IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System

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“…A ground plane with two concentric ring is used to excite dual-band operation to cover GPS L1, L2, and L5. 9 Four slots at edges and a crossed slot at the centre of the patch are etched to minimize the frequency ratio at GPS L1 and GPS L2 bands in Reference 10. In Reference 11, a slot loaded helix antenna is proposed to achieve RHCP radiation (GPS) L1 and L2 bands and an edge-shorted microstrip slot antenna is used to achieve a strong nearfield distribution in an RFID receiver operating at 2.4 GHz band.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A ground plane with two concentric ring is used to excite dual‐band operation to cover GPS L1, L2, and L5 9 . Four slots at edges and a crossed slot at the centre of the patch are etched to minimize the frequency ratio at GPS L1 and GPS L2 bands in Reference 10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of low volume circularly polarized annular ring‐shaped planar antenna for GPS applications

Agrawal

Gautam²,

Mishra

2021

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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A brand-new low volume design of an antenna working at three discrete bands of Global Positioning System namely L1, L2, and L5 bands with preferred right hand circular polarization (RHCP) radiation has been presented in this article.The radiator of RHCP antenna is designed by using eight 45 rotated microstrips inside the narrow width annular patch and two rectangular ground planes is incorporated on the same side of the dielectric material to exhibit a coplanar wave guide feed. The TM 11 and TM 22 modes were used to achieve RHCP radiation at global positioning system (GPS) L1 (1.5754 GHz), L2(1.2276 GHz), and L5 (1.1764 GHz) bands. This structure has low volume of 107.5 × 96 × 1.6 mm 3 , an excellent 3 dB beam-width of about 95 , 100 and 102 in θ = 0 direction and an optimum axial ratio band-width of 56 MHz (1.554-1.610 GHz), 46 MHz (1.203-1.249 GHz), and 46 MHz (1.157-1.203 GHz).The measured results of S 11 ascertained that the designed antenna is capable to efficiently work from 1.140 to 1.276 GHz (136 MHz) and from 1.545 to 1.588 GHz (43 MHz), respectively, which well suited for GPS L1, GPS L2, and GPS L5 applications.

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Low‐profile circularly polarized planar antenna for GPS L1, L2, and L5 bands

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Hexagonal-Triangular Combinatorial Structure Based Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for GAGAN Receivers

Hexagonal-Triangular Combinatorial Structure Based Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna for GAGAN Receivers

T-Shaped Tri-Band Antenna Based on Characteristic Mode Analysis for Satellite Applications

Design of low volume circularly polarized annular ring‐shaped planar antenna for GPS applications

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