Low prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection in a medium size city in southern Brazil

Librelotto, Carina Sperotto; Simon, Daniel; Ikuta, Nilo; Lunge, Vagner Ricardo

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2014.05.014

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…This fi nding suggests that injecting drug use is not one of the most important transmission routes in small cities (41) . This low prevalence of IDU could also explain the previously demonstrated low frequency of co-infection with HIV-1/AIDS and hepatitis C virus (HCV) (42) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

HIV-1 epidemiology and circulating subtypes in the countryside of South Brazil

Librelotto

Gräf

Simon

et al. 2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

HIV-1 epidemiology and circulating subtypes in the countryside of South Brazil

Librelotto

Gräf

Simon

et al. 2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus among people living with HIV/AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review

Tengan

Ibrahim

Dantas³

et al. 2016

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundStudies have shown that the immunosuppression induced by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) accelerates the natural history of liver disease associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV), with 3- to 5-fold higher odds of coinfected individuals developing cirrhosis. However, estimates of the seroprevalence of hepatitis C among people living with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLHA) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are widely variable.MethodsWe performed a systematic review to estimate the seroprevalence of HCV among PLHA. We searched studies on HIV and HCV infections in LAC included in the PubMed, LILACS and Embase databases in December of 2014 with no time or language restrictions. The following combinations of search terms were used in the PubMed and Embase databases: (HIV OR Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus OR AIDS OR HTLV OR Human Immunodeficiency Virus OR Human T Cell) AND (HCV OR HEPATITIS C OR HEPATITIS C VIRUS OR HEPACIVIRUS) AND (name of an individual country or territory in LAC). The following search terms were used in the LILACS database: (HIV OR AIDS OR Virus da Imunodeficiencia Humana) AND (HCV OR Hepatite C OR Hepacivirus). An additional 11 studies were identified through manual searches. A total of 2,380 publications were located, including 617 duplicates; the remaining articles were reviewed to select studies for inclusion in this study.ResultsA total of 37 studies were selected for systematic review, including 23 from Brazil, 5 from Argentina, 3 from Cuba, 1 from Puerto Rico, 1 from Chile, 1 from Colombia, 1 from Mexico, 1 from Peru and 1 from Venezuela. The estimated seroprevalence of HCV infection varied from 0.8 to 58.5 % (mean 17.37; median 10.91), with the highest in Argentina and Brazil and the lowest in Venezuela and Colombia.ConclusionsInvestigation of HCV infection among PLHA and of HIV infection among people living with HCV is highly recommended because it allows for better follow up, counseling and treatment of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed in both South and Central America to understand and address the risk factors associated with the acquisition of infection.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1988-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review

Huff

Cárcamo

Diaz

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This scoping review aims to explore the interplay between substance use (SU) and HIV in Latin America (LA). Database searches yielded 3481 references; 196 were included. HIV prevalence among people who used substances (PWUS) ranged from 2.8–15.2%. SU definitions were variable throughout studies, and thus data were not easily comparable. In 2019, only 2% of new HIV infections were attributed to injection drug use (IDU) in LA. Factors associated with HIV among PWUS included being female, IDU and homelessness, and PWUS were likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors, start antiretroviral treatment late, have poor adherence, have treatment failure, be lost to follow-up, have comorbidities, and experience higher mortality rates and lower quality of life, as has been reported in PLWH with SU in other regions. Five intervention studies were identified, and only one was effective at reducing HIV incidence in PWUS. Interventions in other regions have varying success depending on context-specific characteristics, highlighting the need to conduct more research in the LA region. Though progress has been made in establishing SU as a major concern in people living with HIV (PLWH), much more is yet to be done to reduce the burden of HIV and SU in LA.

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Low prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection in a medium size city in southern Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

HIV-1 epidemiology and circulating subtypes in the countryside of South Brazil

HIV-1 epidemiology and circulating subtypes in the countryside of South Brazil

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus among people living with HIV/AIDS in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review

HIV and Substance Use in Latin America: A Scoping Review

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