Low-molecular-weight model study of peroxide cross-linking of ethylene–propylene–diene rubber using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry

Peters, Ron; Duin, Martin van; Tonoli, David; Kwakkenbos, Gerard; Mengerink, Ynze; Benthem, Rolf A. T. M. van; Koster, Chris G. de; Schoenmakers, Peter J.; Wal, Sj. van der

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.067

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These findings triggered the exploration of a variety of high‐VNB‐EPDM products in different applications and more fundamental studies in peroxide curing chemistry of (VNB‐)EPDM. The series of more fundamental investigations, including studies on peroxide curing of low M w models, solid‐state C NMR spectroscopy of peroxide‐cured C‐labeled EPDM and solid‐state 1 H NMR relaxation time studies of peroxide‐cured EP(D)Ms with varying diene type/content, enabled the refinement of the mechanism of peroxide curing of EPDM (Scheme ) as published more than a decade ago . The primary radicals formed upon thermal decomposition of the peroxide abstract H‐atoms from the EPM main chain, yielding macro‐radicals.…”

Section: Product Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

Doremaele

Duin²,

Valla³

et al. 2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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ARLANXEO Elastomers has developed and commercialized Keltan ACE TM technology, a class of half-sandwich cyclopentadienyl j 1 -amidinate metal complexes, which are extremely active for the production of first-class ethylene/propylene/diene copolymers (EPDM). In this review, the development and some of the key features of the Keltan ACE TM catalyst system are presented. Many different ACE catalysts have been synthesized over the past years, including bridged and bimetallic catalysts. With Keltan ACE TM , a complete range of EPDM products with similar polymer characteristics as their Ziegler-Natta (ZN) counterparts can be produced, including variations containing very high 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB) contents, controlled long chain branching, very high molecular weight, as well as oil-extended products. Moreover, other EPDM structures can be polymerized. The Keltan ACE TM catalyst technology also allows the production of EPDMs with very high amounts of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) or 5-vinyl 2-norbornene (VNB) without excessive gelation and reactor fouling, that is, products that cannot or are extremely difficult to obtain via classical ZN catalysis. In a next step, high-VNB-EPDM can be postreactor modified, for example, via metathesis chemistry. In addition, EPDM polymers with a very broad or even bimodal molecular weight distribution can be obtained in a single reactor with certain ACE catalyst structures at particular activator/precatalyst ratios. V C 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2877-2891 KEYWORDS: catalysts; EPDM; Keltan ACE Technology; polyolefins; post metallocene; product diversification; rubber INTRODUCTION The early 1950s can be considered as the start of the polyolefin age. Since then, the production and consumption of olefin-based polymeric materials have been steadily increasing to high volumes. Intense catalyst and product development has resulted in a wide range of different types of polyolefins each with designed properties and applications.

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Section: Product Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

Doremaele

Duin²,

Valla³

et al. 2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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“…GC-MS and GC6GC-MS were employed to study reaction product mixtures from simulated peroxide cross-linking reactions of terpolymerized ethylene, propylene, and diene monomer (EPDM) by Peters et al [53] compounds were identified from their mass spectra and their GC and GC6GC elution pattern. The described approach of using low-molecular-weight model compounds followed by GC-MS and GC6GC-MS analysis was claimed to be a useful analytical tool to study the crosslinking of EPDM.…”

Section: Polymer Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography review

Cortes

Winniford

Luong

et al. 2009

J of Separation Science

168

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“…A influência conjunta de agentes de expansão e de reticulação é portanto, um critério importante para a obtenção de espumas com propriedades planejadas. Esse tema já foi investigado anteriormente, por exemplo, em espumas de EVA/PE [4,5] , PEBD [6,7] e EPDM [8] .…”

Section: Preparação Das Espumasunclassified

Efeito de reticulante na morfologia e propriedades físico-mecânicas de espumas poliméricas obtidas com EVA e EPDM

Azevedo

Chávez

Rabello³

2011

Polímeros

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Resumo: Espumas poliméricas são materiais bifásicos constituídos por uma matriz polimérica sólida e por uma fase gasosa proveniente de um agente de expansão. Produtos obtidos com estes materiais vêm ganhando bastante espaço no mercado por apresentar boas propriedades mecânicas aliadas à baixa densidade e baixo custo. O uso de EVA com elastômeros tem sido uma alternativa para proporcionar propriedades mais nobres a esses compostos expansíveis. Dentre os elastômeros utilizados, o EPDM apresenta um potencial de aplicação elevado por apresentar boa compatibilidade com as poliolefinas. Como na fabricação da espuma tem-se simultaneamente reações de reticulação e de formação gases de expansão, o balanço desses efeitos tem forte influência sobre as características físicas do produto. Neste estudo, avaliou-se o efeito de um agente reticulante nas formulações de espumas de EVA/EPDM. As propriedades físico-mecânicas, reométricas e morfológicas de misturas EVA/EPDM com diversas proporções de peróxido de dicumila, utilizado como agente de reticulação, foram avaliadas. Os resultados mostraram que o teor de reticulante apresenta forte influência nas características técnicas das espumas obtidas. Palavras-chave: Espumas poliméricas, EVA, EPDM, agente de reticulação, propriedades físico-mecânicas. The Effect of a Crosslinking Agent on the Morphology and Physical and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Foams Based on EVA and EPDMAbstract: Polymer foams are biphasic materials prepared with a polymer matrix and a gaseous phase from a foaming agent. Products based on this type of material are currently in a good market position due to the good mechanical properties, low density and competitive cost. Blending EVA with elastomers is a feasible alternative to enhance the properties of the expandable compounds. Among the elastomers used as a blend component with EVA, EPDM has a high potential since it has a good compatibility with polyolefins. Considering that during the foam processing there are simultaneous crosslinking reactions and the formation of gases, the balance between these two effects has a strong influence over the physical characteristics of the final product. In this study the effect of a crosslinking agent on EVA/ EPDM foams was investigated. The physical, mechanical and rheometric properties, as well as the foam morphology, were analyzed as a function of dicumil peroxide, used as a crosslinking agent. The results showed that this additive has a strong influence in the crooking and expansion of the compounds, affecting their properties. Keywords: Polymer foam, EVA, EPDM, crosslinking agent, physical and mechanical properties. IntroduçãoEspumas poliméricas, plásticos celulares ou plásticos expandidos podem ser definidos como materiais constituídos por uma fase sólida de uma matriz polimérica e por uma fase gasosa derivada de um agente expansor [1,2] . Embora existam também espumas rígidas, a maioria dos produtos comerciais são flexíveis e bastante utilizados em aplicações onde se requerem propriedades de absorção de impacto e...

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Low-molecular-weight model study of peroxide cross-linking of ethylene–propylene–diene rubber using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

Comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography review

Efeito de reticulante na morfologia e propriedades físico-mecânicas de espumas poliméricas obtidas com EVA e EPDM

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Low-molecular-weight model study of peroxide cross-linking of ethylene–propylene–diene rubber using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

On the Development of Titanium κ1‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

On the Development of Titanium κ1‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

Comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography review

Efeito de reticulante na morfologia e propriedades físico-mecânicas de espumas poliméricas obtidas com EVA e EPDM

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures

On the Development of Titanium κ¹‐Amidinate Complexes, Commercialized as Keltan ACE™ Technology, Enabling the Production of an Unprecedented Large Variety of EPDM Polymer Structures