“…Note that, by introducing x (k) = α∆X (k) e + e, the matrix B − X (k) CX (k) on the right hand side (RHS) is a product of two rank-two matrices (∆ −1 (e, x (k) − e))(∆ −1 (e, e − x (k) )) T ; and A − X (k) C on the left hand side (LHS) is a diagonal-plus-rank-one matrix ∆ −1 − α∆ −1 x (k) e T , then each X (k+1) in the above structured Newton step might be expressed implicitly and stored in low-rank form via the factor-alternating direction implicit (FADI) method [2,16]. The obvious advantage of using FADI method to solve subproblems, compared to those equipped with Krylov subspace methods [14], is that the complexity of solving the subproblem could be down to O(n) [16,20,24]. However, from the viewpoint of computational efficiency, the above structured Newton's method might still leave enough room for further improvement.…”