Low-loss planar metamaterials electromagnetically induced transparency for sensitive refractive index sensing

Tian, Ying; Hu, Sen; Huang, Xiaojun; Yu, Zetai; Lin, Hai; Yang, Helin

doi:10.1088/1361-6463/aa865b

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, the design exhibits a significant loss at the desired frequency. Further, the loss of the conventional SRR was investigated and recompensed based on the EIT phenomenon in [67]. Two SRRs with different dimensions were combined to realize a low-loss system.…”

Section: Figure 2 the Inherent Losses In Metamaterials [23]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Approaches for Compensating Inherent Metamaterials Losses

et al. 2022

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Metamaterials are synthetic composite structures with extraordinary electromagnetic properties not readily accessible in ordinary materials. These media attracted massive attention due to their exotic characteristics. However, several issues have been encountered, such as the narrow bandwidth and inherent losses that restrict the spectrum and the variety of their applications. The losses have become the principal limiting factor when employing metamaterials in real-world applications. Consequently, overcoming them is crucially important and of practical necessity. This paper discusses the practical applications of metamaterials in constructing functional devices and the effects of the losses on such devices. In more depth, it reviews the available approaches for reducing the metamaterial losses developed over the last two decades in the light of available literature. These approaches include the utilization of the principles of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), geometric tailoring of the metamaterial structures, and embedding gain materials. Further, computational optimization techniques, such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA), are also discussed to design low-loss metamaterials. The EIT-like metamaterial and the including of gain materials are systematic and universal approaches exhibiting low loss approaching zero. In contrast, the other two are not systematic and universal approaches.

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Section: Figure 2 the Inherent Losses In Metamaterials [23]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Approaches for Compensating Inherent Metamaterials Losses

et al. 2022

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“…Owing to the significant dispersion properties and the narrow transparency window, the EITlike metamaterials have essential applications in optical switches [22,23], slow-light devices [24,25], sensors [26][27][28], and so on. Tian et al [29] numerically and experimentally demonstrated a high transmittance and lowlosses EIT-like metamaterial, whose unit structure is composed of two independent opening ring resonators. The designed EIT-like structure is used as a sensor, and the sensitivity achieves 1.69 GHz R −1 IU −1 as well as the figure of merit is 11.66 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high Q-factor metamaterial sensor based on electromagnetically induced transparency-like

Shen,

Zhang,

Zhang

2024

Mater. Res. Express

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This paper proposes the electromagnetically induced transparency-like (EIT-like) metamaterial with a high-quality factor (143.54), which consists of a square ring resonator (SRR) and a cross-shaped resonator (CR). The designed metamaterial generates a sharp transparency peak at 15.79 GHz. The electric field distributions reveal that appearance of the transparency window is caused by the coupling between bright mode and dark mode. Meanwhile, analysis of the surface current distributions verifies that the EIT-like effect is induced via the destructive interference of the electric dipoles . In addition, the metamaterial is equated to a circuit model, which provides a better fit to the simulated transmission spectrum. These theories fully explain the generation of the EIT-like phenomenon. Furthermore, the EIT-like metamaterial is able to detect the dielectric constant of the target analyte (glucose solution), and the sensing performance is calculated. The results demonstrate that the sensitivity (S) is 4.80 GHz/RIU and the figure of merit (FOM) reaches to 43.71. The proposed EIT-like metamaterial shows prominent sensing abilities, consequently it has potential applications in environmental monitoring, biological and chemical measurements.

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“…The near zero value (dB scale) and near unity (linear scale) of S 21 represent low loss behavior [17]. In the literature, several techniques have been proposed to reduce the inherent MMs losses, where the most of these structures offer single-band low loss behavior [18][19][20][21][22]. The tailoring geometry can reduce the losses of the structure by avoiding the corners and sharp edges [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tailoring geometry can reduce the losses of the structure by avoiding the corners and sharp edges [18]. Several methods have been proposed to reduce the losses by canceling the radiation losses [19] and by using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon [20,21]. Also, using high inductance-to-capacitance ratio (L/C) to mitigate the losses of the MM structure [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual band low loss metamaterial structure at millimetre wave band

Esmail

Majid

Ismail

et al. 2019

IJEECS

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In this paper, the Dual band modified split square resonator (MSSR) metamaterial (MM) structure was designed and numerically investigated at millimetre wave (mm-Wave) frequency range. The proposed structure operated at two resonance frequencies 28 GHz and 32.54 GHz. The dual-band behaviour of the proposed structure because of the self and mutual coupling between two metallic squares of the structure. Furthermore, The MSRR structure performed very well at both resonance frequencies by providing high transmission coefficient, S21, with a loss of -0.3 dB (0.97 linear scale) at lower resonance frequency 28 GHz and -0.18 dB (0.98 linear scale) at upper resonance frequency 32.54 GHz. In this regard, the numerical simulation was conducted to optimize the MSSR structure in such a way that the ratio of effective inductance-to-capacitance (L/C) was raised. As a result, the inherent MM losses were reduced. The robust retrieval algorithm was utilized to reconstruct the refractive index, effective permittivity, and effective permeability and to verify the left-hand property of the proposed structure. The simulation results showed that the MSSR unit cell introduces two regions of the negative refractive index below the lower resonance frequency, 28 GHz and above the upper resonance frequency, 32.54 GHz.

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Low-loss planar metamaterials electromagnetically induced transparency for sensitive refractive index sensing

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Overview of Approaches for Compensating Inherent Metamaterials Losses

Overview of Approaches for Compensating Inherent Metamaterials Losses

A high Q-factor metamaterial sensor based on electromagnetically induced transparency-like

Dual band low loss metamaterial structure at millimetre wave band

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