Low loss, low refractive index fluorinated self-crosslinking polymer waveguides for optical applications

Liang, J.; Toussaere, E.; Hierle, R.; Levenson, R.; Zyss, Joseph; Ochs, A.V.; Rousseau, Alain; Boutevin, B.

doi:10.1016/s0925-3467(98)80000-1

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For example, the copolymerization of fluoroalkyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid leads to acrylic copolymers with reactive hydroxy and carboxy groups on the polymer main chains. 51 On heating, the fluorinated copolymers undergo self-cross-linking via the esterification of hydroxy and carboxy groups.…”

Section: Introducing Self-cross-linking Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-loss polymeric materials for passive waveguide components in fiber optical telecommunication

Zhou

2002

Opt. Eng

108

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With fiber optical telecommunication systems penetrating into metropolitan and access networks, planar waveguide technology is increasingly being considered a solution to the bottleneck of cost-effective manufacture of passive components. Being recognized for their high thermo-optical coefficients, ease of fabrication, cost-effectiveness, and compatibility with other materials, polymers as a platform technology for waveguide devices are gaining more and more commercial acceptance. Fully exploiting the potentials of the polymeric materials demands comprehensive understanding of both the specific device applications and various polymer systems. The right choice of materials is often the key to the success of component development. Unfortunately, since extensive study of polymeric materials and devices operating at 1.55 m began just recently, few ideal materials have so far been made commercially available. From the polymer chemistry point of view, it is possible to tailor the materials to meet specific and strict requirements for optical waveguide devices. This is a review of the most promising fluorinated polymers and silicone resins and their demonstrated device applications. The paper is designed to provide a guide to both polymer scientists who want to develop novel high-performance materials for waveguide applications, and optical engineers who need to gain insight into the materials.

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Section: Introducing Self-cross-linking Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-loss polymeric materials for passive waveguide components in fiber optical telecommunication

Zhou

2002

Opt. Eng

108

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“…And therefore, the refractive index difference between core and cladding could be designed either weakly confined (Dn = 0.01) or strongly confined (Dn = 0.076) waveguides. Strong waveguiding may be useful for monolithic integration of semiconductor devices and polymer waveguides [14,15], while weak waveguiding is more adapted to optical fiber coupling. From Fig.…”

Section: Optical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-linkable fluorinated poly(ether ether ketone) polymers for optical waveguide devices

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2004

Materials Letters

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“…Indeed whatever the technologies and approaches for evanescent coupling it will take place within a low-index gap separating the upstream coupled structure (waveguide, tapered fiber, prism…) and the MR. As a consequence, the control of this gap is crucial to obtain an effective photonic effect. Over the last decades a large variety of organic materials arouses a huge interest in integrated photonic Versatile planar photonic structures have been achieved by classical UV processes [7][8][9][10][11] or by specific coupled e-beam lithography [12] for sub-micronic resolution. The counterpart of the former technique is the micron limit of resolution whereas the second one passes over this dimension limitation but is a row by row time-consuming operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on 2D disks and stadiums micro-resonators structures based on UV210 polymer

Pluchon

Huby²,

Lhermite³

et al. 2012

Micro-Optics 2012

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International audienceWe report on the design and the overall realization of micro-resonators based on the development of adequate processes on UV210 polymer. These micro-optical structures are developed by deep ultraviolet lithography allowing fabrication of nano-structured devices by mean of low cost and reproducible processes. Two families of resonant micro-structures shaped on disk and stadium with various sizes are investigated. Structural and optical imaging characterizations have been carried out to ensure their ability as resonant integrated micro-structures. At first, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Nomarsky microscopy studies confirm the UV-light process resolution down to 450 nm developed on UV210 polymer. Then, optical characterizations have been performed as regards intensity and spectral properties of such micro-resonators. Field intensity measurements in visible and infrared range have been realized and validate the aptitude of the micro-structures to propagate and to allow an evanescent photonic coupling between waveguides and micro-resonators. Finally, spectral analyses demonstrate the presence of optical resonances with 1.45 nm and 2.19 nm free spectral range values for respectively disk and stadium micro-structures. The UV210 polymer appears appropriate for the realization of micro-structures requiring a few hundred nanometers gap-scale while maintaining adequate spectral properties for versatile applications in telecommunication, metrology and sensors

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Low loss, low refractive index fluorinated self-crosslinking polymer waveguides for optical applications

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Low-loss polymeric materials for passive waveguide components in fiber optical telecommunication

Low-loss polymeric materials for passive waveguide components in fiber optical telecommunication

Cross-linkable fluorinated poly(ether ether ketone) polymers for optical waveguide devices

Investigation on 2D disks and stadiums micro-resonators structures based on UV210 polymer

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