Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) associated with aerobic plus resistance training to improve inflammatory biomarkers in obese adults

Abstract

Recently, investigations suggest the benefits of low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) in noninvasive treatment of cellulite, improvement of body countering, and control of lipid profile. However, the underlying key mechanism for such potential effects associated to aerobic plus resistance training to reduce body fat and inflammatory process, related to obesity in women still unclear. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of combined therapy of LLLT and aerobic plus resistance training in inflammatory profile and body composition of obese women. For this study, it involved 40 obese women with age of 20-40 years. Inclusion criteria were primary obesity and body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m(2) and less than 40 kg/m(2). The voluntaries were allocated in two different groups: phototherapy group and SHAM group. The interventions consisted on physical exercise training and application of phototherapy (808 nm), immediately after the physical exercise, with special designed device. Proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory adipokines were measured. It was showed that LLLT associated to physical exercise is more effective than physical exercise alone to increase adiponectin concentration, an anti-inflammatory adipokine. Also, it showed reduced values of neck circumference (cm), insulin concentration (μU/ml), and interleukin-6 (pg/ml) in LLLT group. In conclusion, phototherapy can be an important tool in the obesity, mostly considering its potential effects associated to exercise training in attenuating inflammation in women, being these results applicable in the clinical practices to control related risk associated to obesity.

Regression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver by Metabolic Reduction: Phototherapy in Association with Aerobic Plus Resistance Training In Obese Man - A Pilot Study

“…Thus, it is possible to observe that the combination of moderate intensity exercises, nutritional education and low level laser therapy, was more efficient, as confirmed by previous studies [21][22][23][24][25]37,39]. These reductions may lead to the decrease in the likelihood of comorbidities, such as hypertension [8,40], various cardiovascular problems [3,40] insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus type 2 [3,41].…”

“…This process demonstrates the action of using low level laser associated with moderate intensity exercise to promote enzymatic modulations [19,35] and mitochondrial alterations [19,36] that potentiate the beneficial effect of physical exercise [18][19][20][21][22][23]37,38].…”

“…The part of resistance exercise training consisted of specific exercises for the main muscular groups : bench press (Biceps, Triceps, Pectorals Major and Rectus Abdominals), lat pull-down (Biceps, Teres Major and Latissimus Dorsi), Straight-Bar Cable Curl (Biceps), triceps pushdown (Triceps), hamstring curls (Semitendinosus, Biceps Femoris and Semimembranosus), calf raises (Gastrocnemius), leg press and sit-ups (Gluteus Maximus, Quadriceps Femoris, and Gastrocnemius). The loads of training were adjusted in a successive form, in each session and according to individual capacity, with inversion of volume and intensity in relation to number of repetitions, ranging from 6 to 20 repetitions in three sets and conducted using maximal repetitions (Rm) [10,23,27]. This model of training was conducted based on the guidelines of the American College of Sports Medicine [7].…”

“…In the Laboratory of Technological Support (LAT) of the São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo (IFSC-USP), specifically for this research, four plates (20 × 20 cm each) made of rubberized material [21][22][23] were used for phototherapy. Each plate containing 16 diode lasers arranged in 4 lines distant 2.5 cm from each other, and each laser emitting in continuous mode, with 100 mW of output power through a 0.0169 cm 2 elliptical spot.…”

“…Recently in experimental [18][19][20] and clinical [21][22][23][24][25] studies of our group, it was established the conjugated use of physical exercise, nutritional education and phototherapy (with infrared lasers or LEDs). Thus, it Journal of Obesity & Weight Loss Therapy was observed that, both experimental and clinical character, the administration of physical exercise, nutritional education and phototherapy protocols, besides reducing the anthropometric parameters (body weight, fat depots, circumferences and skeletal muscle mass), marked improvement of the lipid profile, reversing dyslipidemia, reducing insulin values, insulin resistance, besides enabling hepatic alterations, found in experimental studies [18][19][20].…”