Low Genetic Variability in the Geographically Widespread Andean Condor

Hendrickson, Sher L.; Bleiweiss, Robert; Matheus, Juan Carlos; Matheus, Lilly Silva de; Jácome, N. Luis; Pavéz, Eduardo

doi:10.1650/0010-5422(2003)105[1:lgvitg]2.0.co;2

Cited by 24 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Despite the low values of genetic variation detected in our study (H average = 0.35; 2 \ number of alleles \ 6 for nuclear data; 13 variable sites and eight haplotypes for mtDNA), they seem to be higher than those obtained in other endangered bird species such as the Andean condor (Vultur gryphus; Hendrickson et al 2003), the whooping crane (Grus americana; Glenn et al 1999), the great prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus cupido; Westemeier et al 1998;Johnson et al 2004) and the Spotted owl (Strix occidentalis; Barrowclough et al 1999). Consequently, the levels of genetic variation presented by Hyacinth Macaws in our study do not seem to pose a current concern in terms of conservation (see Conservation Implications).…”

Section: Genetic Variationcontrasting

confidence: 88%

Genetic variation and population structure of the endangered Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus): implications for conservation

et al. 2008

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The Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) is one of 14 endangered species in the family Psittacidae occurring in Brazil, with an estimated total population of 6,500 specimens. We used nuclear molecular markers (single locus minisatellites and microsatellites) and 472 bp of the mitochondrial DNA control region to characterize levels of genetic variability in this species and to assess the degree of gene flow among three nesting sites in Brazil (Pantanal do Abobral, Pantanal de Miranda and Piauí). The origin of five apprehended specimens was also investigated. The results suggest that, in comparison to other species of parrots, Hyacinth Macaws possess relatively lower genetic variation and that individuals from two different localities within the Pantanal (Abobral and Miranda) belong to a unique interbreeding population and are genetically distinct at nuclear level from birds from the state of Piauí. The analyses of the five apprehended birds suggest that the Pantanal is not the source of birds for illegal trade, but their precise origin could not be assigned. The low genetic variability detected in the Hyacinth Macaw does not seem to pose a threat to the survival of this species. Nevertheless, habitat destruction and nest poaching are the most important factors negatively affecting their populations in the wild. The observed genetic structure emphasizes the need of protection of Hyacinth Macaws from different regions in order to maintain the genetic diversity of this species.

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Section: Genetic Variationcontrasting

confidence: 88%

Genetic variation and population structure of the endangered Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus): implications for conservation

et al. 2008

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“…To this end, we analysed more than 100 whitetailed sea eagles from Sweden, Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic and Slovakia for variability at the mitochondrial control region and nuclear microsatellite loci. Both these marker systems are known to have high intraspecific resolution power and have been used in phylogeographic and population genetic studies of raptors including sea eagles before (Hendrickson et al, 2003;Martínez-Cruz, Godoy & Negro, 2004;Shephard et al, 2005;Hailer et al, 2006Hailer et al, , 2007Johnson et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellites reveal high diversity and genetic structure in an avian top predator, the white-tailed sea eagle, in central Europe

Honnen¹,

Hailer²,

Kenntner³

et al. 2010

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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We analysed 123 white-tailed sea eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) from (primarily central) Europe with respect to variability and differentiation based on 499 bp of the mitochondrial control region and genotypes at seven unlinked nuclear microsatellites. Variability was high (overall expected heterozygosity, haplotype and nucleotide diversity being 0.70, 0.764 and 0.00698, respectively) and both marker systems showed a subdivision into two main genetic clusters (microsatellites) or haplogroups (mtDNA). In line with earlier analyses focusing on populations from northern and eastern Europe, as well as from Asia, we found a high level of admixture in Europe and no signs of a bottleneck -despite a severe decline of white-tailed sea eagle populations during the 20 th century. Europe is thus a global stronghold for this species not only with respect to the number of breeding pairs but also regarding the proportion of species-wide genetic diversity. Our dense sampling revealed a possibly clinal variation within central Europe from north-west to south-east that was reflected by the distribution of mtDNA haplotypes as well as the two microsatellite-based clusters. This population differentiation in central Europe probably originated from a geographically structured postglacial colonization and was later enhanced by recent demographic fluctuations.

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“…, 2006), Egyptian vulture ( Neophron percnopterus ) (Kretzmann et al. , 2003), Andean condors ( Vultur gryphus ) (Hendrickson et al. , 2003), and Old World vultures (Lerner & Mindell, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure, diversity, and phylogeography in the near-threatened Eurasian black vultures Aegypius monachus (Falconiformes; Accipitridae) in Europe: insights from microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA variation

Poulakakis

Antoniou

Μάντζιου

et al. 2008

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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The Eurasian black vulture (Aegypius monachus) has experienced a severe decline during the last two centuries and is globally classified as near-threatened. This has led to the extinction of many traditional breeding areas in Europe and resulted in the present patchy distribution (Iberian and Balkan peninsulas) in the Western Palearctic. In the present study, we describe the current genetic status of the European populations using both mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences and nuclear microsatellite markers, comparing with those found in Asia (Mongolia and Caucasus region). Although, mitochondrial (mt)DNA revealed a relatively low genetic variability (haplotype diversity), no evidence of genome-wide genetic erosion exists because nuclear diversity exhibits normal levels and strong differentiation. A highly philopatric dispersal behaviour must be invoked to explain the existence of a clear pattern that revealed by the phylogeographic analysis, which indicates a sharp East-West clinal distribution and an allopatric differentiation. The distribution of mtDNA haplotypes one in the Iberian population and two in Balkan population and the significance divergence at nuclear loci fulfill the definitions of those populations as evolutionary significant units. We discuss how management strategies should aim at the maintenance (or increase) of current genetic variability levels, suggesting that independent conservation plans are urgently required to protect these two breeding European populations from extinction.

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Low Genetic Variability in the Geographically Widespread Andean Condor

Cited by 24 publications

References 36 publications

Genetic variation and population structure of the endangered Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus): implications for conservation

Genetic variation and population structure of the endangered Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus): implications for conservation

Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellites reveal high diversity and genetic structure in an avian top predator, the white-tailed sea eagle, in central Europe

Population structure, diversity, and phylogeography in the near-threatened Eurasian black vultures Aegypius monachus (Falconiformes; Accipitridae) in Europe: insights from microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA variation

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