Low-Energy Plasma Focus Device as an Electron Beam Source

This paper is a sequel to the 1998 review paper “Scientific status of the Dense Plasma Focus” with 16 authors belonging to 16 nations, whose initiative led to the establishment of the International Center for Dense Magnetized Plasmas (ICDMP) in the year 2000. Its focus is on understanding the principal defining characteristic features of the plasma focus in the light of the developments that have taken place in the last 20 years, in terms of new facilities, diagnostics, models, and insights. Although it is too soon to proclaim with certainty what the plasma focus phenomenon is, the results available to date conclusively indicate what it is demonstrably not. The review looks at the experimental data, cross-correlated across multiple diagnostics and multiple devices, to delineate the contours of an emerging narrative that is fascinatingly different from the standard narrative, which has guided the consensus in the plasma focus community for several decades, without invalidating it. It raises a question mark over the Fundamental Premise of Controlled Fusion Research, namely, that any fusion reaction having the character of a beam-target process must necessarily be more inefficient than a thermonuclear process with a confined thermal plasma at a suitably high temperature. Open questions that need attention of researchers are highlighted. A future course of action is suggested that individual plasma focus laboratories could adopt in order to positively influence the future growth of research in this field, to the general benefit of not only the controlled fusion research community but also the world at large.

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“…The X-ray line spectra correspond to Cu-Kβ1 at 8.80 keV [459] were measured using the XR100CR spectrometer.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The emission of the first component of the ion beam and the hard X-ray due to electron beam bombardment of the anode are correlated. It is believed they are emitted by the induced electric field in the pinch.-The X-ray line spectra correspond to Cu-Kβ1 at 8.80 keV[459] were measured using the XR100CR spectrometer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Update on the Scientific Status of the Plasma Focus

Auluck

Kubeš

Paduch

et al. 2021

Plasma

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“…Due to the simplicity in design and operation, plasma focus device has attained considerable interest mainly for its high neutron yield in the application of intense pulse neutron sources when operated in deuterium filling [2,3]. Moreover, it is also a rich plasma-based source of radiations, including ion, electron beams, soft and hard X-rays which are emitted from the resultant effect of extreme conditions upon plasma pinching [4][5][6]. The mechanism related to neutron production in the plasma focus is rather complex and still not fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Optimisation of Plasma Focus Devices for Neutron Production

et al. 2015

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A large number of experimental investigations have been carried out on plasma focus devices especially at low energy level of several kJ or over 100 kJ. There are few machines operating in the middle energy range of 10-50 kJ, where the neutron yield typically in the order of 10 8 -10 9 per shot. This paper reviews the optimisation process of two different plasma focus devices (12 kJ) by applying the Lee model code. The neutron yield (Y n ) versus pressure (P) curve for several configurations of the two plasma focus provided insight of geometrical optimisation. Measured discharge current is fitted as the first step of modelling to correctly simulate the plasma dynamics. Subsequently the code is used to simulate the neutron yield of the two plasma focus devices based on beam target mechanism. Good agreement between the computed results of neutron yield versus pressure and the measured yield versus pressure is found up to the pressure where highest neutron yield is obtained. Computed highest neutron yield for most of the configuration typically differ by a factor\2.

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“…Было установлено, что взаимодействие частиц плазменного фокуса с поверхностью металлов приводит к появлению наноструктур [7]. Это обсуждается в литературе ввиду возможного использования для получения наноматериалов [8,9]. Проводилось исследование разряда типа плазменный фокус при разрядах в дейтерии и неоне с помощью лазерной диагностики [10].…”

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Возникновение Микроструктур На Поверхности Стали Под Воздействием Разряда Плазменного Фокуса

Кирко¹,

Сидоров²,

Башутин³

et al. 2022

Письма В Журнал Технической Физики

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The surface of metals after irradiation by intense streams of argon plasma arising in the plasma focus was studied. Metal samples of steel, copper, tungsten and molybdenum were investigated. Different types of microstructures were recorded. The surfaces of steel samples contain micropores with sizes of 0.1-3 μm with a shape close to circular. On copper and tungsten plates the appearance of fine-dispersed structures with sizes of 0.5-20 μm is observed. The possible mechanisms of the appearance of these microstructures are discussed.

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Low-Energy Plasma Focus Device as an Electron Beam Source

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Update on the Scientific Status of the Plasma Focus

Update on the Scientific Status of the Plasma Focus

Parametric Optimisation of Plasma Focus Devices for Neutron Production

Возникновение Микроструктур На Поверхности Стали Под Воздействием Разряда Плазменного Фокуса

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