Low-Energy Interstitial Laser Photocoagulation for Treatment of Nonfunctioning Thyroid Nodules: Therapeutic Outcome in Relation to Pretreatment and Treatment Parameters

Amabile, Gerardo; Rotondi, Mario; Chiara, Giovanni De; Silvestri, A; Filippo, Bruno Di; Bellastella, Antonio; Chiovato, Luca

doi:10.1089/thy.2006.16.749

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…20 Laser ablation and microwave ablation were used widely in the present stage. 5,[18][19][20][21][22] RFA is another way to induce necrosis of the thyroid tissue. A recent guideline from Republic of Korea was developed, in which recommendations for the optimal use of RFA in treatment of benign thyroid nodules were included.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous bipolar radiofrequency ablation for benign thyroid nodules

et al. 2016

BJR

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous bipolar radiofrequency ablation for benign thyroid nodules

et al. 2016

BJR

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“…The patient is placed in a supine position with neck hyperextended. The procedure is performed under ultrasound system guidance [59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74]. In most studies, a 21-G needle is inserted into the lesion along its longest axis.…”

Section: La Devices and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most studies, a 21-G needle is inserted into the lesion along its longest axis. In some studies, an 18-or 22-G needle is used [61,66,68,69,71,72,74]. For small nodules, usually, only one needle is used, while for larger nodules, two-to-three needles are applied.…”

Section: La Devices and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from the inferior margin of the lesion [59,62,74], and to maintain the same distance between the needle tip and surrounding cervical structures [57,58,61,62,66,69,70,[72][73][74]. A laser source, a continuous-wave Nd-YAG laser operating at 1.064 lm, is used with an optical beam-splitting device with as many as four separate fibers that can be illuminated separately or concurrently [12].…”

Section: La Devices and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Image-guided thermal ablation of benign thyroid nodules

et al. 2016

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Benign thyroid nodules are a common disease in the general population. Most often, they are completely asymptomatic and discovered occasionally during routine ultrasound examinations, and do not require any treatment. When thyroid nodules become symptomatic, surgical excision is still considered standard treatment. In the last few years, several experiences in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules through image-guided percutaneous thermal ablation have been reported with encouraging results, so that currently, these treatments are often proposed as first-choice options for patients with symptomatic benign thyroid nodules. In this paper, we discuss the present literature on the topic, focusing on different techniques available for image-guided percutaneous ablation, particularly radiofrequency (RFA), laser (LA), microwave (MWA), and high-intensity-focus ultrasound (HIFU). Little evidence about the efficacy of MWA and HIFU is now available. According to the literature, good results have been obtained with RFA and LA. Regarding RFA, volume reduction after ablative treatment has been found to range from 47 to 84 % at 3-6 months, and from 62 to 93 % at 1 year; LA also seems to be effective in achieving shrinkage of thyroid nodules, with volume reduction from 37 to 81 % at 3-6 months, and from 13 to 82 % at 1-year follow-up. Moreover, applications of advanced image-guidance modality, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound and virtual navigation with fusion imaging, are discussed.Keywords Laser Á Radiofrequency Á Microwave Á Highintensity focused ultrasound Á Thyroid nodule SOMMARIO I noduli benigni della tiroide sono una evenienza comune nella popolazione generale. Più spesso vengono scoperti occasionalmente durante un esame ecografico fatto per altri motivi, sono asintomatici e non richiedono alcun trattamento. Qualora i noduli diventino sintomatici, l'escissione chirurgica è ancora considerato il trattamento standard. Tuttavia, negli ultimi anni, è cresciuta l'esperienza circa il trattamento di tali noduli tramite ablazione percutanea sotto guida ecografica tanto che, attualmente, questo viene spesso proposto come trattamento di scelta. Lo scopo del nostro lavoro è fare una revisione della letteratura riguardante l'argomento, con un particolare focus sulle differenti tecniche attualmente a disposizione, in particolare radiofrequenza (RFA), laser (LA), microonde (MWA) e high-intensity-focus ultrasound (HIFU). Al momento ci sono ancora poche evidenze sull'efficacia di MWA e HIFU. Secondo quanto riportato in letteratura, buoni risultati sono stati ottenuti con RFA e LA. Riguardo la radiofrequenza, la riduzione volumetrica dopo la procedura ablativa va da 47 a 84 % a 3-6 mesi e da 62 a 93 % a 1 anno; anche il laser sembra essere efficace nel causare la riduzione del nodulo, con percentuali che vanno da 37 a 81 % a 3-6-mesi a da 13 a 82 % a 1 anno di follow-up Abbiamo poi discusso brevemente le

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“…Fluence rate can be derived from irradiance by integrating irradiance through a full solid angle of 4π sr. In PDT and other light-based therapies (Robinson et al (1998); Amabile et al (2006)), fluence rate is used to quantify treatment light when it is delivered to a tissue volume using devices such as isotropic diffusing tip fibers. Since this delivered light travels omnidirectionally, the power delivered in all directions must be accounted for (hence the integration over 4π sr).…”

Section: Treatment Light Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%