Low-energy electron diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on the oxidation of cobalt (112̄0)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy: From origins to future directions

“…Fig. 17(a) shows a reference Co 2p spectrum from the literature, with one sharp feature from metallic Co (Co 0 ) and two peaks from Co oxide (Co 2+ ) [73]. We find the same spectral features, but the swedge measurements show that the oxide is situated on average above the metallic Co, rather than below it and adjacent to the Al 2 O 3 .…”

“…17. (a) A Co 2p spectrum from oxidized Co, as obtained from the literature [73], indicating the three features expected: one from Co 0 and two from Co 2+ (a main peak and a broad shake-up or screening satellite) and (b) the effect of scanning the standing wave through a sample consisting of an Al 2 O 3 wedge, a Co layer, and a Ru cap, on the Co 2p spectrum [71]. The photon energy was 1100 eV.…”

Electronic and magnetic properties of the Co/Fe(001) interface and the role of oxygen

“…This argument is supported by a recent study of the work function variation upon oxidation of the Co͑112 0) surface. 36 It is there shown that for an oxygen overlayer thickness of ϳ1 ML, i.e., similar to our case, the work function decreases by 0.3-0.4 eV with respect to the clean Co surface, in very nice agreement with our comparison between the results for 50 ML Co/Fe͑001͒ and for 50 ML Co/Fe͑001͒-p(1ϫ1)O 56 ML Co/Fe͑001͒-p(1ϫ1)O.…”

Analysis of the NiCo2O4 spinel surface with Auger and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

“…There are several possible defects and contaminants with a comparable XP binding energy and similar peaks in O 1s spectra taken on nickel-and cobalt-containing oxides have been assigned to a variety of surface species including hydroxyls, both those resulting from ambient adsorption and from intrinsic oxyhydroxide compositions [18,19,[29][30][31], chemisorbed oxygen [32], under-coordinated lattice oxygen [22], Ni 2 O 3 /Co 2 O 3 -like surface phases [24,33], or species intrinsic to the surface of the spinel [16,21]. gle crystal samples, and a typical NiCo 2 O 4 powder sample from these studies.…”