“…Several studies have reported that physical, psychological, or chemical stress can produce imbalances in the proportions of T-cell subsets, immunoglobulin levels, and lymphocyte reactivity (6,25,32). Since it became evident that type 1 diabetes may be caused by an autoimmune process, several types of immune interventions have been tried, mostly with minor or transient effects (4,15,19,22,27,33). Photopheresis has been claimed to be an effective form of immunomodulation (37), and it has been used with positive results for the treatment of several immunological diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (29), systemic lupus erythematosus (21), psoriatic arthritis (34), and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (7).…”