Low‐Dimensional‐Networked Perovskites with A‐Site‐Cation Engineering for Optoelectronic Devices

Abstract

Low‐dimensional‐networked (LDN) perovskites denote materials in which the molecular structure adopts 2D, 1D, or 0D arrangement. Compared to conventional 3D structured lead halide perovskite (chemical formula: ABX3 where A: monovalent cations, B: divalent cations, X: halides) that have been studied widely as light absorber and used in current state‐or‐the‐art solar cells, LDN perovskite have unique properties such as more flexible crystal structure, lower ion transport mobility, robust stability against environmental stress such as moisture, thermal, etc., making them attractive for applications in optoelectronic devices. Since 2014, reports on LDN perovskite materials used in perovskite solar cells, light emitting diodes (LEDs), luminescent solar concentrators (LSC), and photodetectors have been reported, aiming to overcome the obstacles of conventional 3DN perovskite materials in these optoelectronic devices. In this review, the variable ligands used to make LDN perovskite materials are summarized, their distinct properties compared to conventional 3D perovskite materials. The research progress of optoelectronic devices including solar cells, LEDs, LSCs, and photodetectors that used different LDNs perovskite, the roles and working mechanisms of the LDN perovskites in the devices are also demonstrated. Finally, key research challenges and outlook of LDN materials for various optoelectronic applications are discussed.

High‐Performance MAPbI3/PM6:Y6 Perovskite/Organic Hybrid Photodetectors with a Broadband Response

“…The specific detectivity, D*, is used to evaluate the ability of the PD to detect weak signals. As shown in Figure 4d, D * exhibits orders of magnitudes >10 12 Jones in the detection band and it reaches a peak value of 2.86 × 10 12 Jones at 830 nm, which is highly competitive compared to detectors reported elsewhere.…”

“…[6,7] Therefore, an investigation into low-cost and facile solution processed photodetectors has become the main focus of research.Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are promising candidates as next-generation portable and wearable semiconductor materials, [8][9][10] which can be widely applied into solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and photodetectors due to their excellent optical and electrical properties. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] In addition, the preparation of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskitesbased devices is straightforward via a solution method, which has the advantage (in comparison to conventional inorganic semiconductors) in that portable, flexible, and cost affordable optoelectronic devices can be fabricated. [18][19][20] Moreover, compared with traditional photodetectors, the perovskite PDs demonstrate the advantage of a high responsivity, an ultra-fast response speed, and a high linear dynamic range.…”

Metal Halide Perovskite Nano/Microwires

“…From the perspective of crystal structure, as the links between octahedra [BX 6 ] 4À are separated by large organic cations along crystallographic planes, the general perovskite structure transforms into a 2D perovskite ((A') m (A) n-1 B n X 3nþ1 , where A' represents aliphatic-or aromatic-based cations, m ¼ 1 or 2, and n denotes the layer thickness of metal halide sheets) and other low-dimensional perovskites. [7,8] In this review, the dimensions of perovskites are distinguished from the crystal structure rather than the spatial structure (such as 2D nanoplates, 1D…”

High-Stability and High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Materials Based on Functional Diamino Organic Cation Halide Hybrid Perovskite Superlattice Structures

“…26 In addition, similar to monoamine halides, diamino halides are also very common and easy to obtain, so the potential of applying diamino halides in experimental research is very strong. Moreover, compared with other diamino molecules diethylenetriamine (DETA) and thylenetetramine (TETA), 27,28 due to the existence of a large π bond with strong space charge delocalization in the organic cation p-phenylenediamine (PDA), it is more conducive to carrier migration between inorganic Pb−I layers. Moreover, the smaller chain length of the PDA diamino cation is helpful to improve the interlayer mobility.…”